NCLEX-PN
Hematology NCLEX Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is caring for clients on a medical floor. After the shift report, which client should be assessed first?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Vomiting blood (
C) indicates active GI bleeding, a life-threatening emergency. Low Hct/petechiae (
B) is urgent but stable, transfusion (
A) is uneventful, and perineal discomfort (
D) is least urgent.
Question 2 of 5
The client who received 50 mL from a unit of whole blood has low back pain. In response to this client’s symptom, which action should be taken by the nurse first?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A. Repositioning focuses on treating the client’s back pain and not on the blood transfusion, which could be the cause of the back pain. B. Further assessment should occur after stopping the blood transfusion. C. The client may need an analgesic for pain control, but this should occur after stopping the blood transfusion. D. Low back pain is a symptom of a potentially life-threatening acute hemolytic reaction. The pain is caused from agglutination of RBCs in the kidneys and renal vasoconstriction. Hemolytic reactions occur most often within the first 50 mL of the infusion.
Question 3 of 5
A child who has leukemia is to have a bone marrow biopsy performed. How will the child be positioned for this procedure?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The prone position is used for a bone marrow biopsy from the iliac crest to access the site safely.
Question 4 of 5
The client asks the nurse to look at a lesion on the client’s body. Which characteristics should prompt the nurse to consider that the client may have a basal cell carcinoma (BCC)?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: BCC is nodular and ulcerative. Clinical manifestations include small, slowly enlarging papule; borders are translucent or “pearly” with overlying telangiectasia; erosion, ulceration, and depression of center. B. Clinical manifestations of malignant melanoma (not BC
C) include irregular color, surface, and border; variegation of color including red, white, blue, black, gray, brown; flat or elevated; eroded or ulcerated. C. Actinic keratosis (not BC
C) is characterized by being horny and “wartlike.” D. Impetigo is characterized by thick, honey-colored crusts and is treated with antibiotics and topical treatment.
Question 5 of 5
A client who has been diagnosed as having pernicious anemia asks how long she will have to take shots. What is the best answer for the nurse to give?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Due to the absence of intrinsic factor, pernicious anemia requires lifelong vitamin B12 injections.