NCLEX-PN
Hematology NCLEX Questions Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is admitting a 24-year-old African American female client with a diagnosis of rule-out anemia. The client has a history of gastric bypass surgery for obesity four (4) years ago. Current assessment findings include height 5’5”; weight 75 kg; P 110, R 27, and BP 104/66; pale mucous membranes and dyspnea on exertion. Which type of anemia would the nurse suspect the client has developed?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Gastric bypass impairs B12 absorption, causing B12 deficiency anemia (
A) with pale membranes, tachycardia, and dyspnea. Folic acid (
B) is less likely, iron (
C) is possible but secondary, and sickle cell (
D) is genetic.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is discussing dietary sources of iron with a client who has iron deficiency anemia. Which menu, if selected by the client, indicates the best understanding of the diet?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Beef, spinach, and grape juice contain iron. Milk contains no iron, and the other options have lower iron content.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is administering vesicant chemotherapy medications such as doxorubicin hydrochloride to clients. Which nursing actions should the nurse implement to prevent extravasation?
Correct Answer: A, B, D
Rationale: A peripheral IV catheter may be used for a vesicant if administration time is less than 60 minutes, a large vein is used, and there is careful monitoring of the IV site. B. Checking for patency and asking about discomfort at the IV site will help prevent an infiltration. C. IV pumps and alarms cannot be relied upon to detect extravasation because infiltration usually does not cause sufficient pressure to trigger an alarm. D. Checking for blood return in the central venous catheter prior to administration will help ensure that the medication is being administered into a vessel and not into tissues. E. Small-gauge syringes with small barrels produce high pressures and may cause injury to the blood vessel or may damage a central line catheter and should not be used.
Question 4 of 5
Which statement made by the parent of a child newly diagnosed with sickle cell anemia indicates a need for more teaching?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: High altitudes, like mountains, have lower oxygen levels, which can precipitate a sickle cell crisis, indicating a need for more teaching. Drinking juices, using acetaminophen, and avoiding chills are appropriate.
Question 5 of 5
The client has a hematocrit of 22.3% and a hemoglobin of 7.7 g/dL. The HCP has ordered two (2) units of packed red blood cells to be transfused. Which interventions should the nurse implement? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: A,C,D
Rationale: Consent (
A), lung assessment (
C), and allergy checks (
D) ensure safe transfusion. A 22-gauge IV (
B) is too small (18-gauge preferred), and D5W (E) is incompatible (use NS).