NCLEX-PN
NCLEX Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The nurse completes teaching insulin administration to the parent of the toddler newly diagnosed with type 1 DM. The nurse concludes that the teaching was successful when the parent makes which statement?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A: NPH (Humulin N) insulin can be given in the morning, but there is better glucose control if given at night. NPH peaks in 4 to 14 hours, so there is no need to make sure food is given immediately after administration. B: Insulin injections should always be rotated to prevent subcutaneous tissue damage from giving the injections in the same location. C: Lispro (Humalog) is rapid-acting insulin that peaks in 30 to 90 minutes and may last as long as 5 hours in the blood. This statement is correct, indicating teaching is effective. D: Detemir (Levemir) is long-acting and lispro (Humalog) is rapid-acting insulin. An insulin pen uses prefilled, multiple-use insulin cartridges; adding other types of insulins should not be attempted.
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following medications is a serotonin antagonist that might be used to relieve nausea and vomiting?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Zofran is a serotonin antagonist that can be used to relieve nausea and vomiting. The other medications can be used for nausea and vomiting, but they have different mechanisms of action.
Question 3 of 5
In teaching bleeding precautions to a client with leukemia, the PN should include which of the following instructions?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A soft toothbrush minimizes gum bleeding in leukemia clients with low platelets. Dental floss and razors increase bleeding risk, and pressure should be held for 5-10 minutes.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is teaching the parent of the 3-year-old being treated with vincristine sulfate for Wilms' tumor. The nurse should inform the parents to immediately notify the HCP of which most significant adverse effect?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A: Both diarrhea and severe constipation are adverse effects of vincristine, and prophylactic treatment is implemented at the beginning of therapy to decrease the potential of these occurring. B: Hair loss is a common adverse reaction to the medication and is reversible. C: Dysphagia and paresthesia are CNS adverse effects from vincristine sulfate (Oncovin). The nurse should teach the parent to notify the HCP immediately if these occur. D: Three-year-olds may not show signs or symptoms of depression. If present, the signs and symptoms should be distinguished as being associated with the neoplastic disease itself or as side effects of the medication.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse teaching a patient with COPD pulmonary exercises should do which of the following?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Pursed-lip breathing will help decrease the volume of air expelled by increased bronchial airways.