NCLEX Questions on Neurological Disorders Quizlet

Extract:

Question 1 of 5

The nurse and an unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) are caring for a client with right-sided paralysis. Which action by the UAP requires the nurse to intervene?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Placing a hand under the axilla (
C) to move a client with right-sided paralysis risks shoulder subluxation or injury to the weak side. A gait belt (
A) is appropriate for safe ambulation, positioning with head to the side (
B) prevents aspiration, and praising independence (
D) is therapeutic.

Question 2 of 5

The home-care nurse is counseling the client who has MS. The client is experiencing weakness, ataxia, intermittent adductor spasms of the hips, and occasional incontinence from loss of bladder sensation. Which self-care measures should the nurse recommend? Select all that apply.

A. “Adductor spasms can be relieved by taking a hot bath.” B. “If a muscle is in spasm, stretch and hold it, and then relax.” C. “Rest first and then walk as able using a walker for support.” D. “When walking, keep feet close together, legs slightly bent.” E. “Set an alarm to remind you to void 30 minutes after fluid intake.”

Correct Answer: B,C,E

Rationale: Hot baths should be avoided; increasing the body temperature can exacerbate symptoms. Burns can occur with sensory loss associated with MS. A stretch—hold—relax routine is often helpful for relaxing the muscle and treating muscle spasms. Walking will help improve the gait, strengthen weakened muscles, and help relieve spasticity in the legs. If a muscle group is irreversibly affected by MS, other muscles can learn to compensate. A walker should be used for safety to help prevent falling. Widening the base of support increases walking stability, especially if ataxia (incoordination) is present; if feet are close together it increases the risk for a fall. Drinking fluids and then using an alarm to void 30 minutes later may be helpful in reducing incontinence from loss of bladder sensation.

Question 3 of 5

The client asks the nurse, 'What causes Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease?' Which statement would be the nurse's best response?

A. The person must have been exposed to an infected prion.' B. It is mad cow disease, and eating contaminated meat is the cause.' C. This disease is caused by a virus that is in stagnant water.' D. A fungal spore from the lungs infects the brain tissue.'

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease is caused by prions (
A), infectious proteins. Mad cow (
B) is a variant but not the sole cause, and viral (
C) or fungal (
D) causes are incorrect.

Question 4 of 5

How can the nurse best help the client deal with personal fears at this time?

A. Encourage the client to verbalize feelings. B. Provide a detailed explanation of the disease progression. C. Tell the client about physical assessment findings. D. Explain that the disease may become periodically acute.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Encouraging verbalization of feelings helps the client process fears and promotes emotional coping during an MS exacerbation.

Question 5 of 5

Which intervention is priority for a client with AIDS dementia complex experiencing agitation?

A. Administer a sedative as prescribed. B. Provide a quiet, low-stimulus environment. C. Restrain the client to prevent injury. D. Encourage group activities to distract the client.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: A quiet, low-stimulus environment reduces agitation in clients with AIDS dementia complex by minimizing sensory overload.

NCLEX Questions on Neurological Disorders Quizlet | Nurselytic

Nurselytic

NCLEX-PN

NCLEX-PN