NCLEX Questions on Neurological Disorders Quizlet

Extract:

Question 1 of 5

The client diagnosed with PD is being discharged on carbidopa/levodopa (Sinemet), an antiparkinsonian drug. Which statement is the scientific rationale for combining these medications?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Carbidopa inhibits peripheral breakdown of levodopa, allowing more levodopa to cross the blood-brain barrier and convert to dopamine (
C). This enhances efficacy and reduces side effects. Other options are incorrect.

Question 2 of 5

The nurse writes the problem 'high risk for impaired skin integrity' for the client with an L5-6 spinal cord injury. Which intervention should the nurse include in the plan of care?

A. Perform active range-of-motion exercise. B. Massage the legs and trochanters every shift. C. Arrange for a Roho cushion in the wheelchair. D. Apply petroleum-based lotion to the extremities.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: A Roho cushion (
C) reduces pressure ulcers in SCI patients. Active ROM (
A) is not possible, massage (
B) risks skin breakdown, and petroleum lotion (
D) is not specific.

Question 3 of 5

The home-care nurse is counseling the client who has MS. The client is experiencing weakness, ataxia, intermittent adductor spasms of the hips, and occasional incontinence from loss of bladder sensation. Which self-care measures should the nurse recommend? Select all that apply.

A. “Adductor spasms can be relieved by taking a hot bath.” B. “If a muscle is in spasm, stretch and hold it, and then relax.” C. “Rest first and then walk as able using a walker for support.” D. “When walking, keep feet close together, legs slightly bent.” E. “Set an alarm to remind you to void 30 minutes after fluid intake.”

Correct Answer: B,C,E

Rationale: Hot baths should be avoided; increasing the body temperature can exacerbate symptoms. Burns can occur with sensory loss associated with MS. A stretch—hold—relax routine is often helpful for relaxing the muscle and treating muscle spasms. Walking will help improve the gait, strengthen weakened muscles, and help relieve spasticity in the legs. If a muscle group is irreversibly affected by MS, other muscles can learn to compensate. A walker should be used for safety to help prevent falling. Widening the base of support increases walking stability, especially if ataxia (incoordination) is present; if feet are close together it increases the risk for a fall. Drinking fluids and then using an alarm to void 30 minutes later may be helpful in reducing incontinence from loss of bladder sensation.

Question 4 of 5

Which nursing approach for communication would be best if the client becomes confused?

A. Turn the television on so the client can hear human voices. B. Play some music when the client is aggressive. C. Orient the client to the surroundings and current situations. D. Look at and talk about pictures in a photo album of the client's life.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Orienting the client to their surroundings and current situations helps reduce confusion and anxiety in clients with AIDS dementia complex.

Question 5 of 5

Which nursing action is priority when caring for a client with suspected brain death?

A. Administer pain medication. B. Perform a neurologic assessment. C. Increase fluid intake. D. Encourage family visitation.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: A thorough neurologic assessment is critical to confirm brain death criteria, guiding further care decisions.

NCLEX Questions on Neurological Disorders Quizlet | Nurselytic

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