NCLEX-PN
Hematologic System NCLEX Questions Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The client’s CBC indicates an RBC 6 (x106/mm3), Hb 14.2 g/dL, Hct 42%, and platelets 69 (x103/mm3). Which intervention should the nurse implement?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Platelets 69,000 indicate thrombocytopenia; a soft-bristle toothbrush (
A) prevents gum bleeding. Fever (
B), BP (
C), and brief pressure (
D) are insufficient for bleeding risk.
Question 2 of 5
The client is diagnosed with severe iron-deficiency anemia. Which statement is the scientific rationale regarding oral replacement therapy?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Oral iron has low absorption (
D), requiring high doses. Side effects (
A) include GI upset, IV (
B) is for severe cases, and diarrhea (
C) is not primary (constipation is common).
Question 3 of 5
The client undergoing intensive chemotherapy for Hodgkin’s lymphoma (HL) is hospitalized with fever and depressed immune system functioning. The nurse is administering filgrastim subcutaneously daily. Which laboratory value should the nurse monitor to determine the medication’s effectiveness?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A. Epoetin alfa, not filgrastim, is used to treat anemia that is associated with cancer, and its effectiveness would be reflected in the Hgb values. B. Oprelvekin (Neumega), not filgrastim, enhances the synthesis of platelets. C. The nurse should monitor the ANC. Filgrastim (Neupogen) is usually discontinued when the client’s absolute neutrophil count (AN
C) is above 1000 cells/mm3. Filgrastim, a granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) analog, is used to stimulate the proliferation and differentiation of granulocytes and treat neutropenia. D. Reed-Sternberg cells are found in lymph node biopsy cells and are indicative of Hodgkin’s lymphoma; they are not monitored to determine the effectiveness of filgrastim, which is used to treat neutropenia.
Question 4 of 5
The client is admitted with a diagnosis of colon cancer. Which finding in the client’s admission information should prompt the nurse to consider that the cancer may be located in the client’s descending colon?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A. Pain may be a symptom of a tumor located on the left side of the colon, but it is not exclusive and could be a symptom of a tumor elsewhere in the colon. B. Change of bowel habits may be a symptom of a tumor located on the left side of the colon, but this is not exclusive and could be a symptom of a tumor elsewhere in the colon. C. Bright red blood in the stool is a sign or symptom of a colorectal tumor located in the descending colon. D. Nausea and vomiting are not symptoms specific to colon cancer.
Question 5 of 5
A client who receives a diagnosis of pernicious anemia asks why she must receive vitamin shots. What is the best answer for the nurse to give?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In pernicious anemia, the lack of intrinsic factor prevents absorption of vitamin B12 from foods, necessitating injections.