NCLEX-PN
NCLEX Endocrine Questions Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The client is diagnosed with cancer of the head of the pancreas. Which signs and symptoms should the nurse expect to assess?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Cancer in the head of the pancreas obstructs the bile duct, causing clay-colored stools and dark urine from jaundice. Night sweats, cramps, and coffee-ground emesis are less specific.
Question 2 of 5
Antibiotics are ordered for a client who has had a transsphenoidal hypophysectomy. He asks why he is receiving an antibiotic when he does not have an infection. The primary reason for administering antibiotics to this client is based on which information?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The transsphenoidal approach through the mouth increases the risk of meningitis due to oral bacteria, necessitating prophylactic antibiotics.
Question 3 of 5
The client diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus received regular insulin two (2) hours ago. The client is complaining of being jittery and nervous. Which interventions should the nurse implement? List in order of priority.
Order the Items
Source Container
Correct Answer: D,B,E,C,A
Rationale: 1. Check blood glucose at bedside: Jitteriness and nervousness suggest hypoglycemia, common 2 hours post-regular insulin (peak effect). Bedside glucose testing confirms hypoglycemia quickly, guiding treatment. 2. Administer quick-acting carbohydrate: If glucose is low (<70 mg/dL), a quick-acting carbohydrate (e.g., juice) rapidly corrects hypoglycemia. 3. Determine if the client has had anything to eat: Assessing recent food intake identifies if inadequate nutrition contributed to hypoglycemia, informing prevention. 4. Have the client eat a bologna sandwich: After stabilizing glucose, a complex meal sustains normoglycemia, but it’s slower-acting. 5. Call the laboratory: Lab confirmation is unnecessary and delays treatment, as bedside glucometry is standard.
Question 4 of 5
The client with type 2 diabetes controlled with biguanide oral diabetic medication is scheduled for a computed tomography (CT) scan with contrast of the abdomen to evaluate pancreatic function. Which intervention should the nurse implement?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Biguanides (e.g., metformin) are held 48 hours before contrast CT to prevent lactic acidosis due to contrast-induced kidney injury. High-fat diets, consent, and enzymes are irrelevant.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse assesses the client following a total thyroidectomy. Which finding indicates that the client has a positive Trousseau's sign?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Trousseau's sign is carpal spasm due to hypocalcemia from parathyroid gland injury during thyroidectomy.