NCLEX-PN
Neurological Disorders NCLEX Questions Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The client is diagnosed with arboviral encephalitis. Which priority intervention should the nurse implement?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Arboviral encephalitis increases seizure risk due to brain inflammation. Seizure precautions (
D) are the priority. Isolation (
A) is unnecessary, antibiotics (
B) are ineffective for viral causes, and supine position (
C) may increase ICP.
Question 2 of 5
When changing the client's position postoperatively, which nursing action is best?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Logrolling maintains spinal alignment, preventing strain on the surgical site after diskectomy and spinal fusion.
Question 3 of 5
A client diagnosed with a subarachnoid hemorrhage has undergone a craniotomy for repair of a ruptured aneurysm. Which intervention will the intensive care nurse implement?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Post-craniotomy for subarachnoid hemorrhage, preventing increased intracranial pressure is critical. A stool softener (
A) prevents straining, which could raise ICP. Coughing (
B) increases ICP, neurological checks (
C) should be more frequent (e.g., hourly), and dopamine to maintain high BP (
D) risks re-bleeding.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with an epidural hematoma. Which nursing interventions should the nurse implement? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: B,C
Rationale: Stool softeners (
B) prevent straining, which could increase ICP. Maintaining pulse oximetry >93% (
C) ensures adequate oxygenation. High HOB elevation (
A) may reduce cerebral perfusion, deep suction (
D) risks increasing ICP, and sedatives (E) may mask neurological changes.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is administering mannitol IV to decrease the client’s ICP following a craniotomy. Which laboratory test result should the nurse monitor during the client’s treatment with mannitol?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Mannitol (Osmitrol), an osmotic diuretic, increases the serum osmolarity and pulls fluid from the tissues, thus decreasing cerebral edema postoperatively. Serum osmolarity levels should be assessed as a parameter to determine proper dosage. The WBC count is not affected by mannitol. Serum cholesterol is not affected by mannitol. ESR is not affected by mannitol.