NCLEX-PN
NCLEX Gastrointestinal Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The client is diagnosed with an acute exacerbation of IBD. Which priority intervention should the nurse implement?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Recording stool frequency, amount, and color is critical in acute IBD exacerbation to assess disease activity and guide treatment. Weight and fluid monitoring are important but secondary, and teaching is less urgent during an acute phase.
Question 2 of 5
Which problems should the nurse include in the plan of care for the client diagnosed with peptic ulcer disease to observe for physiological complications?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Peptic ulcer disease can lead to complications like bleeding or perforation, which alter bowel elimination patterns (e.g., melena or hematochezia). Knowledge deficits and coping issues are psychosocial, and gastric emptying is less commonly affected.
Question 3 of 5
The client asks how he contracted hepatitis A. He reports all of the following. Which one is most likely related to hepatitis A?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hepatitis A is transmitted via the fecal-oral route, often through contaminated food like oysters. Oysters from unsafe waters are a common source.
Question 4 of 5
The client diagnosed with ulcerative colitis is prescribed a low-residue diet. Which meal selection indicates the client understands the diet teaching?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A low-residue diet minimizes fiber to reduce bowel irritation, so roast pork, white rice, and plain custard (low-fiber foods) are appropriate. The other options include high-fiber foods like wheat, vegetables, and whole grains, which are contraindicated.
Question 5 of 5
The client is admitted to a medical unit. The client’s medication list includes rifaximin, lactulose, and propranolol. Which assessment should be the nurse’s priority based on the client’s medication list?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A. Antibiotics and acid-reducing medications are expected with the treatment of PUD, but propranolol (Inderal) would not be expected. Although these medications may cue the nurse to further explore a history of PUD, this is not the most likely conclusion. B. There is no indication that the client has abdominal pain, and there isn’t an analgesic on the medication list. C. There is no indication that the client has an infectious condition necessitating airborne precautions. D. All medications listed are used to treat liver cirrhosis and its complications of portal hypertension and hepatic encephalopathy. The antibiotic rifaximin (Xifaxan) and the laxative lactulose (Cephulac) are used for treating hepatic encephalopathy. Thus, assessing the client’s neurological status and measuring abdominal girth are most important.