NCLEX-PN
NCLEX Gastrointestinal Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The client is diagnosed with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Which intervention should the nurse teach the client to reduce symptoms?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Decreasing flatus-forming foods (e.g., beans, broccoli) reduces bloating and discomfort in IBS. Avoiding fluids with meals is not standard, perianal care is secondary, and support groups are psychosocial.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is caring for the client one (1) day postoperative sigmoid colostomy. Which independent nursing intervention should the nurse implement?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Encouraging ventilation of feelings about body image is an independent nursing intervention addressing psychosocial needs post-colostomy. IV rate, opioids, and ambulation require orders or are less psychosocial.
Question 3 of 5
The experienced nurse is instructing the new nurse. The experienced nurse explains that the definitive diagnosis of PUD involves which test?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A. A urea breath test only tests for the presence of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori). B. The gastric mucosa can be visualized with an endoscope. A biopsy is possible to differentiate PUD from gastric cancer and to obtain tissue specimens to identify H. pylori. These are used to make a definitive diagnosis of PUD. C. Barium studies do not provide an opportunity for biopsy and H. pylori testing. D. A urea breath test and a string test only test for the presence of H . pylori.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is caring for the client to manage and decrease the sensation of nausea. Which nonpharmacological intervention should the nurse recommend?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A. Ginger has demonstrated antiemetic properties as well as analgesic and sedative effects on GI motility. B. Avoidance of sudden changes in position and decreasing activity are recommended to control nausea. C. All food should be stopped when nausea is present to prevent stomach stretching and stimulation of the afferent nerve fibers. D. A quiet, calm environment, rather than one that is stimulating, is recommended to decrease nausea.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is performing an initial postoperative assessment on the client following upper GI surgery. The client has an NG tube to low intermittent suction. To best assess the client for the presence of bowel sounds, which intervention should the nurse implement?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A. When the client has hypoactive bowel sounds, which would be expected in a postsurgical client, the nurse should begin listening over the ileocecal valve in the right lower abdominal quadrant rather than to the left of the umbilicus. The ileocecal valve normally is a very active area. B. When listening for bowel sounds on the client who has an NG tube to suction, the nurse should turn off the suction during auscultation to prevent mistaking the suction sound for bowel sounds. C. The diaphragm of the stethoscope should be utilized for bowel sounds. The bell of the stethoscope should be utilized for abdominal vascular sounds, such as bruits. D. There is no reason to empty the canister before auscultation.