Neurological Disorder NCLEX

Extract:

Question 1 of 5

The client is diagnosed with a metastatic brain tumor, and radiation therapy is scheduled. The client asks the nurse, 'Why not try chemotherapy first? It has helped my other tumors.' The nurse’s response is based on which scientific rationale?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The blood-brain barrier (
B) limits chemotherapy penetration into the brain, making radiation more effective for brain metastases. Chemotherapy is used in some cases (
A), radiation side effects vary (
C), and resistance (
D) is not universally true.

Question 2 of 5

The client diagnosed with atrial fibrillation has experienced a transient ischemic attack (TIA). Which medication would the nurse anticipate being ordered for the client on discharge?

A. An oral anticoagulant medication. B. A beta blocker medication. C. An anti-hyperuricemic medication. D. A thrombolytic medication.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: A TIA in a client with atrial fibrillation is likely due to cardioembolic stroke risk. Oral anticoagulants (
A), such as warfarin or direct oral anticoagulants, are prescribed to prevent clot formation. Beta blockers (
B) control heart rate, anti-hyperuricemics (
C) treat gout, and thrombolytics (
D) are used acutely, not for discharge prevention.

Question 3 of 5

Which information should be shared with the client diagnosed with stage I Alzheimer's disease who is prescribed donepezil (Aricept), a cholinesterase inhibitor?

A. The client must continue taking this medication forever to maintain function. B. The drug may delay the progression of the disease, but it does not cure it. C. A serum drug level must be obtained monthly to evaluate for toxicity. D. If the client develops any muscle aches, the HCP should be notified.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Donepezil delays Alzheimer’s progression but does not cure it (
B). Lifelong use (
A) is not mandatory, serum levels (
C) are not routine, and muscle aches (
D) are not a primary concern.

Question 4 of 5

The client diagnosed with a brain tumor was admitted to the intensive care unit with decorticate posturing. Which indicates that the client’s condition is becoming worse?

A. The client has purposeful movement with painful stimuli. B. The client has assumed adduction of the upper extremities. C. The client is aimlessly thrashing in the bed. D. The client has become flaccid and does not respond to stimuli.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Flaccid paralysis and unresponsiveness (
D) indicate severe brain dysfunction or progression to brain death, worse than decorticate posturing. Purposeful movement (
A) or thrashing (
C) suggest improvement, and adduction (
B) is not a standard indicator.

Question 5 of 5

Which client statement indicates a need for further teaching about post-craniotomy care?

A. I'll avoid coughing forcefully.' B. I'll sleep with my head elevated.' C. I can lift heavy objects after a week.' D. I'll report severe headaches immediately.'

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Lifting heavy objects post-craniotomy can increase intracranial pressure; clients should avoid this for several weeks.

Neurological Disorder NCLEX | Nurselytic

Nurselytic

NCLEX-PN

NCLEX-PN