Neurological Disorder NCLEX

Extract:

Question 1 of 5

The nurse is conducting a support group for clients diagnosed with Parkinson’s disease and their significant others. Which information regarding psychosocial needs should be included in the discussion?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Rapid mood swings and emotional upset (
B) are common in Parkinson’s due to dopamine fluctuations, addressing psychosocial needs. Ventilator discussions (
A) are irrelevant, tremors (
C) are physical, and echolalia (
D) is not typical.

Question 2 of 5

The nurse is caring for several clients. Which client would the nurse assess first after receiving the shift report?

A. The 22-year-old male client diagnosed with a concussion who is complaining someone is waking him up every two (2) hours. B. The 36-year-old female client admitted with complaints of left-sided weakness who is scheduled for a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan. C. The 45-year-old client admitted with blunt trauma to the head after a motorcycle accident who has a Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score of 6. D. The 62-year-old client diagnosed with a cerebrovascular accident (CVA) who has expressive aphasia.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: A GCS score of 6 (
C) indicates severe neurological impairment, requiring immediate assessment for potential life-threatening conditions. Waking every 2 hours (
A) is standard for concussion, left-sided weakness (
B) is concerning but less acute, and expressive aphasia (
D) is stable.

Question 3 of 5

The client is diagnosed with a metastatic brain tumor, and radiation therapy is scheduled. The client asks the nurse, 'Why not try chemotherapy first? It has helped my other tumors.' The nurse’s response is based on which scientific rationale?

A. Chemotherapy is only used as a last resort in caring for clients with brain tumors. B. The blood-brain barrier prevents medications from reaching the brain. C. Radiation therapy will have fewer side effects than chemotherapy. D. Metastatic tumors become resistant to chemotherapy and it becomes useless.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The blood-brain barrier (
B) limits chemotherapy penetration into the brain, making radiation more effective for brain metastases. Chemotherapy is used in some cases (
A), radiation side effects vary (
C), and resistance (
D) is not universally true.

Question 4 of 5

Which laboratory result is most concerning for a client with suspected meningitis?

A. Elevated white blood cell count B. Decreased glucose in cerebrospinal fluid C. Normal protein levels in cerebrospinal fluid D. Increased red blood cell count in blood

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Decreased glucose in cerebrospinal fluid is a hallmark of bacterial meningitis, indicating infection and requiring urgent treatment.

Question 5 of 5

The client, undergoing testing for a possible brain tumor, asks the nurse about treatment options. The nurse’s response should be based on knowing that treatment of a brain tumor depends on which factors? Select all that apply.

A. How rapidly the tumor is growing B. Whether the tumor is malignant or benign C. Cell type from which the tumor originates D. Where the tumor is located within the brain E. The client’s age and type of insurance

Correct Answer: A,B,C,D

Rationale: Surgery, radiation therapy, and/or chemotherapy may be used to treat a slowly or rapidly growing tumor. Surgery, radiation therapy, and/or chemotherapy may be used to treat a benign or malignant tumor. Surgery, radiation therapy, and/or chemotherapy may be used to treat tumors of different cell types. The tumor’s location in the brain may affect whether surgery is an option or whether the surgical approach with radiation therapy and/or chemotherapy is used to treat the tumor. Comorbid conditions, not age, may be determining factors in treatment options. The type of insurance is irrelevant to treatment unless treatment is experimental.

Neurological Disorder NCLEX | Nurselytic

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