NCLEX-PN
Pharmacology NCLEX Questions Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The client has the following arterial blood gases: pH 7.19, Paco2 33, Pao2 95, and HCO3 19. Which medication would the nurse prepare to administer based on the results?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Metabolic acidosis (low pH, low HCO3) requires sodium bicarbonate to correct pH. Oxygen, epinephrine, or antacids are inappropriate.
Question 2 of 5
The client diagnosed with essential hypertension calls the clinic and tells the nurse she needs something for the flu. Which information should the nurse tell the client?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: OTC flu medications (e.g., decongestants) may raise BP but can be used cautiously; persistent symptoms warrant HCP contact.
Total avoidance, pharmacist reliance, or vaccines are less appropriate.
Question 3 of 5
The male client is self-medicating with the H-2 antagonist cimetidine (Tagamet). Which complication can occur while taking this medication?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Cimetidine can cause gynecomastia due to antiandrogen effects, especially in males. Melena, pyrosis, or eructation are unrelated.
Question 4 of 5
The client with postmenopausal osteoporosis is prescribed the bisphosphonate alendronate (Fosamax). Which discharge instruction should the nurse discuss with the client?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Alendronate requires upright posture for 30 minutes post-dose to prevent esophageal irritation, per FDA guidelines. Meal timing, chewing, or hormone levels are incorrect.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is to collect a sputum specimen for acid-fast bacillus (AFB) from a client. Which action should the nurse take first?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Assist with oral hygiene. Obtain a specimen early in the morning after mouth care. The other responses follow this first action: the client should take several deep breaths then cough into the appropriate sterile container to obtain the AFB specimen of the sputum.