NCLEX-PN
Endocrine Disorders NCLEX Questions with Rationale Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The client diagnosed with Cushing's syndrome is admitted with fluid volume overload. The client weighed 190 lb on admission and 179 lb after treatment. The nurse estimates that the amount of fluid the client lost was how many milliliters?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: One liter of fluid (1000 mL) weighs approximately 2.2 lb. An 11-lb weight loss equals 5000 mL (11 lb / 2.2 lb = 5 L × 1000 mL per L = 5000 mL).
Question 2 of 5
The client residing in a long-term care facility has type 2 DM and is sick with the stomach flu. The client's blood glucose is 245 mg/dL. Which action should the nurse take next?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The nurse should check the client's urine for ketones whenever the blood glucose level is greater than 240 mg/dL.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse's next door neighbor calls. He says he cannot awaken his 21-year-old wife. The nurse notes that the client is unconscious and is having deep respirations. Her breath has a fruity smell to it. The husband says that his wife has been eating and drinking a lot recently and that last night she vomited before lying down. What is the most appropriate action for the nurse to take?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Fruity breath, unconsciousness, and symptoms of polyphagia, polydipsia, and vomiting suggest diabetic ketoacidosis, requiring immediate hospital care.
Question 4 of 5
Which signs/symptoms should the nurse expect to assess in the client diagnosed with an insulinoma?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: An insulinoma is a pancreatic tumor causing excessive insulin secretion, leading to hypoglycemia. Symptoms include nervousness, jitteriness, and diaphoresis (Whipple’s triad). Flushed skin and dehydration suggest hyperglycemia, polyuria/polydipsia/polyphagia are diabetes symptoms, and hypertension/tachycardia are more typical of pheochromocytoma.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse observes the client self-administering the medication. Which action indicates that the client is using the medication correctly?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: For intranasal lypressin, inhaling with each spray ensures proper delivery of the medication to the nasal mucosa.