Hematology NCLEX Practice Questions

Extract:

Question 1 of 5

A toddler has been treated for sickle cell crisis. The crisis subsides, and the child improves. Which statement is essential for the nurse to include in the discharge teaching?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Fevers can cause dehydration and trigger sickling, leading to a crisis, making it essential to notify the physician immediately.

Question 2 of 5

The client diagnosed with leukemia is being admitted for an induction course of chemotherapy. Which laboratory values indicate a diagnosis of leukemia?

A. A left shift in the white blood cell (WBC) count differential. B. A large number of WBCs that decreases after the administration of antibiotics. C. An abnormally low hemoglobin (Hb) and hematocrit (Hct) level. D. Red blood cells (RBCs) that are larger than normal.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Leukemia causes bone marrow suppression, leading to low Hb/Hct (
C). Left shift (
A) indicates infection, antibiotic response (
B) suggests infection, and large RBCs (
D) indicate megaloblastic anemia.

Question 3 of 5

The nurse writes a client problem of 'activity intolerance' for a client diagnosed with anemia. Which intervention should the nurse implement?

A. Pace activities according to tolerance. B. Provide supplements high in iron and vitamins. C. Administer packed red blood cells. D. Monitor vital signs every four (4) hours.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Pacing activities (
A) conserves energy in anemia-related activity intolerance. Supplements (
B) and transfusions (
C) are medical, and vitals (
D) are routine, not primary.

Question 4 of 5

The client hospitalized with cervical cancer is receiving radiation therapy via a temporary radioactive cervical implant. Which nursing actions would be appropriate for this client?

A. Minimize anxiety and confusion by telling the client the reason for the time and distance limitations. B. Utilize the unit’s common film badge that indicates the cumulative radiation exposure while caring for the client. C. Organize cares to limit the amount of time spent in direct contact with the client receiving internal radiation. D. Use shielding if delivering care within close proximity to the client, such as checking placement of the implant. E. Encourage frequent oral care with warm saline rinses to help with irritation of oral mucosa.

Correct Answer: A, C, D

Rationale: A. Safety measures for caring for someone undergoing internal radiation therapy include limiting time, distance, and shielding. It would be important to make the client aware of the time and distance limitations to help ease anxiety. B. A personal, not shared, film badge should be worn so cumulative radiation exposure can be measured accurately. C. Organizing care would be appropriate in order to limit the exposure to radiation. D. Shielding is important for keeping caregivers safe from potential radiation exposure. E. The implant is placed in the vaginal canal and has no impact on oral mucosa.

Question 5 of 5

An 8-year-old boy is admitted to the unit with a diagnosis of acute lymphocytic leukemia. During a routine physical exam, numerous ecchymotic areas were noted on his body. The parent reported that the child has been more tired than usual personally more tired than usual lately. The parent says that the child has had a cold for the last several weeks and asks if this is related to the leukemia. The nurse's response is based on the knowledge that:

A. leukemia causes a decrease in the number of normal white blood cells in the body. B. a chronic infection such as the child has had makes a child more likely to develop leukemia. C. the virus responsible for colds is thought to cause leukemia. D. having an infection prior to the onset of leukemia is merely a coincidence.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Leukemia reduces normal white blood cells, impairing infection fighting, which may explain the prolonged cold. Infections do not cause leukemia.

Hematology NCLEX Practice Questions | Nurselytic

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