NCLEX-PN
Nclex Exam Cram Practice Questions Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A risk management program within a hospital is responsible for all of the following except:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A risk management program within a hospital is responsible for identifying risks, controlling financial loss due to malpractice claims, and analyzing risks and trends to guide further interventions or programs. It is not responsible for ensuring that staff follow their job descriptions. Monitoring staff adherence to their job descriptions falls under the purview of departmental managers or supervisors. The primary focus of a risk management program is to assess, mitigate, and manage risks related to patient safety, quality of care, and financial implications, rather than overseeing staff job descriptions.
Question 2 of 5
A client with major head trauma is receiving bolus enteral feeding. The most important nursing order for this client is:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct action for a client with major head trauma receiving bolus enteral feeding is to measure intake and output (I&O). Enteral feedings are hyperosmotic agents that can cause fluid shifts. Monitoring I&O is crucial to assess fluid balance, ensuring that input matches output. Checking albumin levels (choice
B) is important for assessing nutritional status but is not the immediate priority in this situation. Monitoring glucose levels (choice
C) is also important but not as critical as measuring I&O in this context. Increasing enteral feeding (choice
D) should only be done based on a healthcare provider's order after assessing the patient's condition, not as the most important nursing order at this time.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is preparing to administer IV Vancomycin to a client. Which of the following nursing actions should be taken first?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Before administering any medication, including IV Vancomycin, it is crucial to ensure that the client is not allergic to the medication. This is the most critical action to prevent any potential allergic reactions. While performing a physical assessment is important, it may not be as time-sensitive as checking for allergies. Obtaining lab values related to renal function is also significant with Vancomycin due to its potential nephrotoxicity, but ensuring the client's safety by checking for allergies takes precedence. Reviewing peaks and troughs is important for monitoring drug levels, but it is a secondary step compared to checking for allergies prior to administration.
Question 4 of 5
Acyclovir (Zovirax) is the agent of choice for which of the following infections?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Acyclovir is an antiviral medication specifically effective in treating herpes infections. It works by inhibiting the replication of the herpes virus, shortening the duration of the infection. While Acyclovir can be used in HIV and AIDS patients to treat opportunistic viral infections, it is not a primary drug for managing HIV or AIDS itself. Candida is a type of fungus, and infections caused by Candida are treated with antifungal medications, not antivirals like Acyclovir.
Therefore, the correct answer is herpes.
Question 5 of 5
When evaluating the lab work of a client in hepatic coma, which of the following lab tests is most important?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: When a client is in hepatic coma due to liver failure, the liver cannot metabolize amino acids completely, leading to elevated ammonia levels. Increased ammonia can cause brain-tissue irritation, worsening the coma.
Therefore, monitoring serum ammonia levels is crucial in assessing the severity of hepatic coma.
Choices A, B, and D are less relevant in the context of hepatic coma. Blood urea nitrogen primarily assesses kidney function, serum calcium levels are not directly related to hepatic coma, and serum creatinine is more indicative of kidney function rather than liver function in this scenario.