NCLEX-PN
Physiological Adaptation NCLEX PN Questions Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is teaching a client newly diagnosed with Emphysema about the disease process. Which of the following statements best explains the problems associated with emphysema and could be adapted for use in the nurse's discussion with the client?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Larger-than-normal air spaces and loss of elastic recoil cause air to be trapped in the lung and collapse airways. Emphysema is a breakdown of the elastin and fiber network of the alveoli where the alveoli enlarge or the walls are destroyed. This alveolar destruction leads to the formation of larger-than-normal air spaces. Emphysema is one of a group of pulmonary diseases of a chronic nature characterized by increased resistance to airflow; the entity is part of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COP
D).
Question 2 of 5
With a breech presentation, the nurse must be particularly alert for which of the following?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Prolapsed umbilical cord is the descent of the umbilical cord into the vagina before the fetal presenting part and compression of the cord between the presenting part and the maternal pelvis, compromising or completely cutting off fetoplacental perfusion. This is an emergency situation; immediate delivery should be attempted to save the fetus.
Question 3 of 5
Which statement about chemotherapy is true?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: 5-FU is an antineoplastic, antimetabolic drug that inhibits DNA synthesis and interferes with cell replication. It is given intravenously and acts systemically. It affects all rapidly growing cells, both malignant and normal. It is used as adjuvant therapy for treating cancer of the colon, rectum, stomach, breast, and pancreas. This drug has many side effects, including bone marrow depression, anorexia, stomatitis, nausea, and vomiting.
Question 4 of 5
A corporate executive works 60-80 hours a week. The client is experiencing some physical signs of stress. The nurse teaches the client biofeedback techniques. This is an example of which of the following health-promotion interventions?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Biofeedback is a relaxation technique that helps manage stress by teaching control over physiological responses, addressing the client's stress-related symptoms.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is performing a screening on a patient that has been casted recently on the left lower extremity. Which of the following statements should the nurse be most concerned about?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Pain may be indicating neurovascular complication.