NCLEX-PN
NCLEX Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A laboring client is experiencing late decelerations. Which position should she be placed in?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The left lateral position promotes blood flow to the placenta.
Question 2 of 5
The client with CRF receives a sodium polystyrene sulfonate enema. Which finding indicates that the medication is achieving the desired therapeutic effect?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A: Although sodium polystyrene sulfonate may be administered as an enema and stool may return, the purpose of the medication is to lower serum potassium levels and not to empty the bowel. B: The client should be encouraged to retain the enema solution for as long as possible so that sodium ions can be exchanged for potassium ions in the intestine, but its retention for this length of time does not indicate its effectiveness in lowering the serum potassium level. C: The client may be constipated prior to receiving the enema, but this is not the purpose of a sodium polystyrene sulfonate enema. D: Sodium polystyrene sulfonate exchanges sodium ions for potassium ions in the intestine and is administered when the client has hyperkalemia. A normal serum potassium level of 4.0 mEq/L indicates that the medication is achieving its desired therapeutic effect.
Question 3 of 5
A client had a colostomy done one day ago. Which of the following is an abnormal finding when assessing the stoma?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A dark red stoma indicates inadequate blood supply, an abnormal finding requiring intervention. Mild edema, minimal bleeding, and rose color are normal postoperative findings.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse applies a fentanyl transdermal patch to the client for the first time. Shortly after application, the client is experiencing pain. Which nursing action is most appropriate?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A: Removing the patch is unnecessary; effective analgesia may take 12 to 24 hours. B: The nurse should administer a short-acting opioid analgesic. When the first fentanyl (Duragesic) transdermal patch is applied, effective analgesia may take 12 to 24 hours because absorption is slow. C: Transdermal patches should not be rubbed to enhance absorption; it can cause the delivery of the medication to fluctuate. D: It is premature to request a higher dose of fentanyl.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is caring for a female client who has recently been diagnosed with cancer and will soon begin chemotherapy. Which of these statements would require additional follow-up and education?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: This client is at risk for altered body image secondary to the hair loss from chemotherapy. A wig can be helpful in coping with this, and the client should shop for a wig before his or her hair falls out so that he or she can better match his or her color and style. The remaining statements are accurate.