NCLEX-PN
NCLEX Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The nurse working on the pediatric unit has scheduled medications to administer at this time. Which assessments should prompt the nurse to conclude that the prescribed medication should be withheld and the HCP immediately notified?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A: Dizziness and light-headedness are side effects of hydrocodone with acetaminophen (Vicodin), and the nurse may choose to withhold a scheduled dose. These are not potentially life-threatening or warranting an immediate call to the HCP. B: A rash is a side effect of acetaminophen (Tylenol). However, the rash is not potentially life-threatening or warranting an immediate call to the HCP. C: An adverse effect of clindamycin (Cleocin) is hypotension. A BP of 92/56 mm Hg is low for a 16-year-old. Normal BP for a 16-year-old male is 111/63 mm Hg to 136/90 mm Hg, depending on height percentile. The nurse should compare the previous BP readings with the current one to determine the degree of BP variation and then immediately notify the HCP because the BP can decrease further. D: Tiredness and drowsiness are side effects of phenobarbital (Luminal). However, these are expected. The nurse would not withhold phenobarbital unless there were additional neurological alterations that would warrant contacting the HCP.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is preparing to administer the client's medication for treatment of TB. Which medication, if on the client's MAR, should the nurse plan to administer?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A: Isoniazid (INH) is an antimycobacterial medication affecting bacterial cell wall synthesis; it is used in the treatment of TB or other mycobacterial infections. B: Fluconazole (Diflucan) is an antifungal agent that inhibits synthesis of fungal sterols, a necessary component of the cell membrane. C: Azithromycin (Zithromax) is a macrolide antibiotic that is bacteriostatic against susceptible bacteria and is usually used for treating lower respiratory tract infections, skin infections, acute otitis media, tonsillitis, or Mycobacterium avium. D: Acyclovir (Zovirax) is an antiviral agent limited to treatment of herpes viruses.
Question 3 of 5
The HCP prescribes 1200 mL of TPN solution to be administered over 24 hours for the homebound client. The home health nurse should instruct the client to set the infusion pump to deliver how many mL per hour?
Correct Answer: 50
Rationale:
To calculate the infusion rate, divide the total volume by the total time: 1200 mL/ 24 hours = 50 mL per hour. The nurse should instruct the client to set the infusion pump to deliver 50 mL per hour.
Question 4 of 5
A serious complication of a total hip replacement is displacement of the prosthesis. What is the primary sign of displacement?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Pain on movement and weight bearing indicates pressure on the nerves or muscles caused by the dislocation. Other symptoms of dislocation include an inability to bear weight and a shortening of the affected leg. Edema is not a primary sign of displacement.
Question 5 of 5
What is pica?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Pica represents the ingestion of nonfood substances that leads to a clinical iron deficiency and might actually be the first sign of a problem. Clients eat a wide range of nonfood items, including ice, clay, dirt, and paste.