NCLEX-PN
NCLEX-PN Quizlet 2023 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A client with asthma develops respiratory acidosis. Based on this diagnosis, what should the nurse expect the client's serum potassium level to be?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In respiratory acidosis, the body retains CO2, leading to increased hydrogen ion concentration and a drop in blood pH. As pH decreases, serum potassium levels increase due to the movement of potassium out of cells to compensate for the acidosis. Elevated serum potassium levels are expected in respiratory acidosis.
Choice A ('normal') is incorrect because potassium levels are expected to be elevated in respiratory acidosis.
Choice C ('low') is incorrect as potassium levels rise in this condition.
Choice D ('unrelated to the pH') is incorrect as serum potassium levels are directly impacted by changes in pH in respiratory acidosis.
Question 2 of 5
What is the drug of choice for herpes simplex virus 1, herpes simplex virus 2, and varicella-zoster virus?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Acyclovir (Zovirax) is the drug of choice for herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1), herpes simplex virus 2 (HSV-2), and varicella-zoster virus (VZV) infections. It works by inhibiting viral DNA replication. Acyclovir is excreted unchanged in the urine, so caution is needed in renal impairment.
Choice A, HIV, is incorrect as acyclovir is not the drug of choice for HIV.
Choice C, CMV, is incorrect as acyclovir is not the preferred treatment for cytomegalovirus (CMV) infections.
Choice D, Influenza A viruses, is incorrect as acyclovir is not used to treat influenza viruses.
Question 3 of 5
A patient has been admitted to the hospital with an L4-5 HNP diagnosis. After 24 hours, the patient is able to ambulate with assistance and has reduced muscle spasms. Which of the following medications was the most beneficial in changing the patient's mobility status?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is Flexeril. Flexeril is a muscle relaxant commonly used to treat acute muscle pain and spasms. In this scenario, the patient experiencing reduced muscle spasms and improved mobility after taking Flexeril indicates its effectiveness.
Choice A, Mivacron, is a neuromuscular blocking agent that is not typically used for muscle spasms or pain relief.
Choice B, Atropine, is a medication used to treat certain types of nerve agent and pesticide poisonings, not muscle spasms.
Choice C, Bethanechol, is a medication that stimulates bladder contractions and is not indicated for muscle spasms or mobility improvement.
Question 4 of 5
A client comes to the clinic for assessment of his physical status and guidelines for starting a weight-reduction diet. The client's weight is 216 pounds and his height is 66 inches. The nurse identifies the BMI (body mass index) as:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Obesity is defined by a BMI of 30 or more with no co-morbid conditions. It is calculated by utilizing a chart or nomogram that plots height and weight. This client's BMI is 35, indicating obesity.
Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because the client's BMI is above 30, which falls under the obesity category.
Therefore, a weight-reduction diet and increased physical activity are necessary to address the client's weight status and promote overall health.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse working in a pediatric clinic observes bruises on the body of a four-year-old boy. The parents report the boy fell while riding his bike. The bruises are located on his posterior chest wall and gluteal region. What should the nurse do?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In this scenario, the nurse is observing bruises on a child's body that are located in areas not commonly associated with accidental injuries. Given the concerning nature of the bruising pattern and the inconsistent history provided by the parents, the nurse should suspect possible child abuse and take appropriate action by notifying the case manager in the clinic. The safety and well-being of the child should always be the top priority. Counseling for the family, warm baths, or recommending range of motion (ROM) exercises are not appropriate actions in this situation and may not address the underlying issue of potential child abuse.