NCLEX-RN
NCLEX RN Medical Surgical Questions and Answers Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A client who has undergone outpatient nasal surgery is ready for discharge and has nasal packing in place. Which of the following discharge instructions would be appropriate for the client?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Avoiding the Valsalva maneuver (e.g., straining) prevents increased pressure that could dislodge packing or cause bleeding. Aspirin increases bleeding risk.
Tooth brushing is safe with care. Heat may increase swelling; cold is preferred.
Question 2 of 5
A client who has undergone a subtotal thyroidectomy is subject to complications in the first 48 hours after surgery. The nurse should obtain and keep at the bedside equipment to:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Tracheotomy equipment is essential due to the risk of airway obstruction from swelling or hemorrhage post-thyroidectomy.
Question 3 of 5
Before surgery for a known aortic aneurysm, the client's pulse pressure begins to widen, suggesting increased aortic valvular insufficiency. If the branches of the aortic arch are involved, the nurse should assess the client for:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Widening pulse pressure and aortic arch involvement in an aortic aneurysm suggest possible dissection affecting cerebral perfusion (e.g., carotid artery involvement), leading to disorientation or neurologic changes. Low blood pressure, anxiety, and headache are less specific or unrelated.
Question 4 of 5
A client with Crohn's disease has concentrated urine, decreased urinary output, dry skin with decreased: decreased turgor, hypotension, and weak, thready pulses. The nurse should do which of the following first?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The client's symptoms indicate dehydration, requiring immediate parenteral rehydration therapy as ordered to restore fluid balance. Oral fluids, repositioning, or monitoring are less urgent or inappropriate as the first action. CN: Physiological adaptation; CL: Synthesize
Question 5 of 5
In the oliguric phase of acute renal failure, the nurse should assess the client for:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Pulmonary edema is a risk in the oliguric phase due to fluid overload from reduced urine output.