NCLEX-RN
Free NCLEX RN Questions for Med Surg Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A client who had received 25 mL of packed red blood cells (PRBCs) has low back pain and pruritus. After stopping the infusion, the nurse should take what action next?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Low back pain and pruritus after 25 mL of PRBCs suggest a transfusion reaction, likely hemolytic or allergic. After stopping the infusion, the nurse should collect blood and urine samples to assess for hemolysis (e.g., free hemoglobin in plasma or urine). Antihistamines may be administered later for allergic symptoms, but lab samples are the priority. Diuretics and vasopressors are not indicated.
Question 2 of 5
A client with renal calculi reports sudden cessation of pain. The nurse should:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Sudden pain cessation may indicate stone passage; straining urine confirms this.
Question 3 of 5
A client with type 1 diabetes mellitus has diabetic ketoacidosis. Which of the following findings has the greatest effect on fluid loss?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rapid, deep respirations (Kussmaul respirations) in diabetic ketoacidosis are a compensatory mechanism for acidosis, leading to significant fluid loss through hyperventilation.
Question 4 of 5
Assessment of the diabetic client for common complications should include examination of the:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Diabetic retinopathy, a common complication, requires regular eye examinations to detect and prevent vision loss.
Question 5 of 5
Which of the following expected outcomes would be appropriate for a client with viral hepatitis? The client will:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Reporting bleeding (
B) indicates awareness of complications like coagulopathy. Ascites (
A) is more relevant to cirrhosis. Alcohol (
C) should be avoided entirely. Restricting activity to home (
D) is unnecessary for hepatitis B or C.