NCLEX-RN
NCLEX RN Medical Surgical Practice Questions Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A client has been diagnosed with vasospastic disorder (Raynaud's phenomenon) on the tip of the nose and fingertips. The physician has prescribed reserpine (Serpasil) to determine if the client will obtain relief. The client's history reveals that he lives in Vermont and works outside in the logging industry. He smokes two packs of cigarettes a day. Which of the following components are an important part of the discharge plan for this client? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: A,B,D,E
Rationale: Rationales:
A) Stopping smoking reduces vasoconstriction triggered by nicotine, critical in Raynaud's.
B) Face covering and gloves protect against cold, a trigger for vasospasm.
D) Working in a warm environment minimizes cold exposure. E) Reserpine may cause orthostatic hypotension, requiring monitoring.
C) Cool water worsens vasospasm; warm water is recommended.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is preparing a community education program about preventing hepatitis B infection. Which of the following would be appropriate to incorporate into the teaching plan?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Condom use (
D) prevents hepatitis B transmission via sexual contact. Hepatitis B is not uncommon in college students (
A). Alcohol (
B) is unrelated to hepatitis B transmission. Hygiene (
C) is less effective than barrier protection.
Question 3 of 5
Blood pressure in the systemic circulation is highest in the:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Blood pressure is highest in the aorta, where blood is ejected directly from the left ventricle during systole, generating peak pressure (systolic pressure). As blood flows through arterioles, capillaries, and venules, pressure progressively decreases due to resistance and vessel compliance. This makes the aorta the correct answer.
Question 4 of 5
Which of the following are expected outcomes for a client with pulmonary disease?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A matched ventilation-to-perfusion ratio is the goal in pulmonary disease for efficient gas exchange. Low or high ratios indicate mismatch. Equal PaO2 and PaCO2 is not a standard outcome.
Question 5 of 5
To help minimize the risk of postoperative respiratory complications after a hypophysectomy, during preoperative teaching, the nurse should instruct the client how to:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Deep breathing exercises post-hypophysectomy help expand lungs and prevent atelectasis, reducing respiratory complications.