NCLEX-RN
Teaching and Learning Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A 10-year-old child has been diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus. What instruction should the nurse provide concerning the monitoring of the child's insulin needs?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Most children 9 years old or older can understand the principles of monitoring their own insulin requirements. They are usually responsible enough to determine the appropriate intervention needed to maintain their health. Parents, friends, and family cannot always be available. The school teacher should not be expected to take responsibility for health care interventions.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse has given instructions about site care to a hemodialysis client who had an implantation of an arteriovenous (AV) fistula in the right arm. Which statement by the client indicates a need for further teaching?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Routine instructions to the client with an AV fistula, graft, or shunt include avoiding sleeping with the body weight on the extremity with the access site, avoiding carrying heavy objects or compressing the extremity that has the access site, performing routine range-of-motion exercises of the affected extremity, and reporting signs and symptoms of infection.
Question 3 of 5
A client is receiving intravenous (IV) antibiotic therapy at home via an intermittent IV catheter. In order to facilitate the early detection of IV therapy complications, which intervention should be included in the client's education?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The nurse instructs the client to report clinical indicators of an IV site infection, including pain, drainage, and edema because the early detection of infection decreases the risk of septicemia, tissue loss, and devastating complications. The remaining options are reasonable aspects of client teaching for IV therapy at home, but they are not surveillance methods.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is giving medication instructions to a client who is receiving furosemide. Which client statement indicates a need for further teaching?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Furosemide is a potassium-losing diuretic, so there is no need to avoid high-potassium products, such as a salt substitute. Orthostatic hypotension is a risk, and the client must use caution when changing positions and with exposure to warm weather. The client needs to discuss the use of alcohol with the primary health care provider.
Question 5 of 5
A client diagnosed with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is reporting fatigue. The nurse educates the client on ways to conserve energy. Which statement indicates that the teaching was effective?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The client is taught to conserve energy by sitting for as many activities as possible, including dressing, shaving, preparing food, and ironing. The client should also sit in a shower chair instead of standing while showering. The client needs to prioritize activities such as eating breakfast before bathing, and the client should intersperse each major activity with a period of rest.