NCLEX-RN
Teaching and Learning Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A client with a short leg plaster cast reports intense itching under the cast. The nurse provides instructions to the client regarding relief measures for the itching. Which statement by the client indicates an understanding of the measures used to relieve the itching?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Itching is a common complaint of clients with casts. Objects should not be put inside a cast because of the risk of scratching the skin and providing a point of entry for bacteria. A plaster cast can break down when wet.
Therefore, the best way to relieve itching is with the forceful injection of air inside the cast.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse performs an initial assessment on a pregnant client and determines that the client is at risk for toxoplasmosis. The nurse provides education to the client on how to prevent the disease. Which statement by the client indicates that teaching has been effective?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Infected house cats transmit toxoplasmosis through the feces. Handling litter boxes can transmit the disease to the pregnant client. Meats that are undercooked can harbor microorganisms that can cause infection. Hands should be washed frequently throughout the day. The use of topical corticosteroids will not prevent exposure to the disease.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse has provided instructions to a client who is receiving external radiation therapy. Which statement by the client indicates a need for further teaching regarding self-care related to the radiation therapy?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The client receiving external radiation therapy should avoid pressure on the irritated area and wear loose-fitting clothing. Specific health care provider instructions would be necessary to obtain if an alteration in skin integrity occurred as a result of the radiation therapy. The remaining options are accurate measures regarding radiation therapy.
Question 4 of 5
A home care nurse is instructing a mother of a child diagnosed with cystic fibrosis (CF) about the appropriate dietary measures. Which diet should the nurse tell the mother that the child needs to consume?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Children with CF are managed with a high-calorie, high-protein diet. Pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy and fat-soluble vitamin supplements are administered. Fat restriction is not necessary.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse has completed diet teaching for a client on a low-sodium diet for the treatment of hypertension. Which statement by the client should indicate to the nurse that there is a need for further teaching?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A low-sodium diet is used as an adjunct to antihypertensive medications for the treatment of hypertension. Sodium retains fluid, which leads to hypertension as a result of increased fluid volume. Frozen foods use salt as a preservative, which increases their sodium content. Canned foods are extremely high in sodium. Fresh foods are best.