NCLEX-RN
NCLEX RN Exam Questions Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following is the best indicator of the diagnosis of HIV?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The Western blot is the confirmatory test for HIV diagnosis, detecting specific antibodies with high specificity. ELISA is a screening test, while WBC and CBC are non-specific and not diagnostic for HIV.
Question 2 of 5
When caring for a client with an anterior cervical discectomy, the nurse should give priority to assessing for post-operative bleeding. The nurse should pay particular attention to:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Swelling in the posterior neck may indicate a hematoma, which can compress the airway or spinal cord, making it a priority assessment post-cervical discectomy.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse writes the following nursing diagnosis for a client in acute renal failure--Impaired gas exchange related to:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Red blood cell production is impaired in renal failure owing to impaired erythropoietin production. This causes a decrease in the delivery of oxygen to the tissue and impairs gas exchange. The conversion of vitamin D to its physiologically active form is impaired in renal failure. In renal failure, a decrease in red blood cell production occurs owing to an impaired production of erythropoietin, leading to impaired gas exchange at the cellular level. The decreased production of renin in renal failure causes an increased production of aldosterone causing sodium and water retention.
Question 4 of 5
A client has sustained a severe head injury and damaged the preoccipital lobe. The nurse should remain particularly alert for which of the following problems?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The preoccipital (occipital) lobe processes vision. Damage causes visual impairment (e.g., cortical blindness). Swallowing (
B) involves the brainstem, judgment (
C) the frontal lobe, and hearing (
D) the temporal lobe.
Question 5 of 5
A client with a history of gout is prescribed allopurinol (Zyloprim). Which laboratory value should the nurse monitor closely?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Allopurinol reduces uric acid production in gout. Monitoring serum uric acid ensures therapeutic effect. Glucose (
B), potassium (
C), and hemoglobin (
D) are not directly affected.