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Question 1 of 5

When assessing a child with diabetes insipidus, the nurse should be aware of the cardinal signs of:

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Anemia and vomiting are not cardinal signs of diabetes insipidus. Polyuria and polydipsia are the cardinal signs of diabetes insipidus. Irritability relieved by feeding water, not formula, is a common sign, but not the cardinal sign, of diabetes insipidus. Hypothermia and azotemia are signs, but not cardinal signs, of diabetes insipidus.

Question 2 of 5

A cardinal symptom of the schizophrenic client is hallucinations. A nurse identifies this as a problem in the category of:

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Impaired communication refers to decreased ability or inability to use or understand language in an interaction. In sensory-perceptual alterations an individual has distorted, impaired, or exaggerated responses to incoming stimuli (i.e., a hallucination, which is a false sensory perception that is not associated with real external stimuli). An altered thought processes problem statement is used when an individual experiences a disruption in cognitive operations and activities (i.e., delusions, loose associations, ideas of reference). In impaired social interaction, the individual participates too little or too much in social interactions.

Question 3 of 5

A 25-year-old lawyer who is married with three young children works long hours in an effort to become a partner in the law firm. Following a recent hospitalization for a bleeding ulcer, he was referred for therapy to treat this psychophysiological disorder. On meeting with the therapist, he informed him or her that he was a busy man and did not have much time for this 'psych stuff.' When guiding the client to ventilate his feelings, the therapist can expect him to express feelings of:

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Repressed anger is associated with psychophysiological disorders like a bleeding ulcer, as stress and unexpressed emotions contribute to physical symptoms.

Question 4 of 5

Which one of the following is considered a reliable indicator for assessing the adequacy of fluid resuscitation in a 3-year-old child who suffered partial- and full-thickness burns to 25% of her body?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Urinary output is a reliable indicator of renal perfusion, which in turn indicates that fluid resuscitation is adequate. IV fluids are adjusted based on the urinary output of the child during fluid resuscitation. Edema is an indication of increased capillary permeability following a burn injury. Hypertension is an indicator of fluid volume excess. Fontanelles close by 18 months of age.

Question 5 of 5

The physician has ordered a paracentesis for a client with severe abdominal ascites. Before the procedure, the nurse should:

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Providing a urinal ensures the bladder is empty, reducing the risk of bladder puncture during paracentesis, a priority before the procedure.

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