NCLEX-RN
ATI NCLEX-RN Practice Questions Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is preparing to administer a dose of gentamicin (Garamycin) IV. Which laboratory value should the nurse check before administration?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Gentamicin is nephrotoxic, so serum creatinine is checked to assess kidney function before administration to prevent toxicity. Other labs are less directly related to gentamicin risks.
Question 2 of 5
A client with a history of a burn injury is being discharged. The nurse should teach the client to:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Loose clothing prevents irritation and promotes healing in burn injuries. Petroleum lotions, harsh soaps, and air exposure can delay healing or cause infection.
Question 3 of 5
A 40-year-old client has been admitted to the hospital with severe substernal chest pain radiating down his left arm. The nurse caring for the client establishes the following priority nursing diagnosis--Alteration in comfort, pain related to:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Anaerobic metabolism results because the decreased blood supply to the myocardium causes a release of lactic acid. Lactic acid is an irritant to the myocardial neural receptors, producing chest pain. Chest pain is caused by a decrease in the O2 supply to the myocardial cells. Treatment modalities for chest pain are aimed toward increasing the blood flow through coronary arteries. Chest pain causes an increase in the stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system. This stimulation increases the heart rate and blood pressure, causing an increase in myocardial workload aggravating the chest pain. Chest pain and anxiety cause increased secretion of catecholamines by stimulating the sympathetic nervous system. This stimulation increases chest pain by increasing the workload of the heart.
Question 4 of 5
An elderly client is hospitalized for a transurethral prostatectomy. Which finding should be reported to the doctor immediately?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Bright red urine with many clots post-TURP indicates significant bleeding or clot obstruction, requiring immediate reporting to prevent complications. The other findings are less urgent.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client with a diagnosis of preeclampsia. Which intervention is most appropriate?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Magnesium sulfate prevents seizures blood pressure monitoring tracks hypertension and antihypertensives (e.g. hydralazine) manage severe hypertension in preeclampsia. All interventions are appropriate.