NCLEX-PN
NCLEX PN Test Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is preparing to administer 40 mg of oral furosemide. Prior to administering the medication, the nurse should evaluate which parameters? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: A,D
Rationale: Furosemide can cause hypotension and hypokalemia, so blood pressure and potassium levels must be evaluated. Blood urea nitrogen reflects kidney function but is not critical before administration, and liver enzymes and white blood cell count are unrelated.
Extract:
Laboratory results
Albumin
3.5-5 g/dL
(35-50 g/L)
2.0 g/dL (20 g/L)
Cholesterol
<200 mg/dL
(<5.2 mmol/L)
275 mg/dL (7.1 mmol/L)
Urinalysis
Protein
0-8 mg/dL
300 mg/dL
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is reviewing the laboratory values of a 3-year-old with nephrotic syndrome. The nurse interprets the results to most clearly reflect which physiologic process related to nephrotic syndrome?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Nephrotic syndrome is a collection of symptoms resulting from various causes of glomerular injury (Option 2). The most common cause of nephrotic syndrome in children is minimal change nephrotic syndrome, which is generally considered idiopathic. Less common secondary causes may be related to systemic disease or infection, such as glomerulonephritis, drug toxicity, or acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.
Extract:
Question 3 of 5
A 2-year-old child diagnosed with HIV comes to a clinic for immunizations. Which of the following vaccines should the nurse expect to administer in addition to the scheduled vaccines?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Children with HIV require pneumococcal vaccine to protect against opportunistic infections due to immunocompromise. The other vaccines are not routinely indicated for HIV. Health Promotion and Maintenance
Question 4 of 5
A client begins a regimen of chemotherapy. Her platelet counts falls to 98,000. Which action is least likely to increase the risk of hemorrhage?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Reverse isolation protects against infection but does not affect hemorrhage risk. The other actions directly reduce bleeding risk by detecting or preventing trauma to tissues. Physiological Adaptation
Extract:
Exhibit 1
Assessment data
0600 Wednesday 0600 Thursday
Blood pressure 148/84 mm Hg 98/60 mm Hg
24-hour intake/output 1000/3000 mL ---------------
Exhibit 2
Laboratory results
0600 Wednesday 0600 Thursday
Sodium
136-145 mEq/L
(136-145 mmol/L) 140 mEq/L
(140 mmol/L) 150 mEq/L
(150 mmol/L)
Potassium
3.5-5.0 mEq/L
(3.5-5.0 mmol/L) 4.2 mEq/L
(4.2 mmol/L) 3.5 mEq/L
(3.5 mmol/L)
Glucose (fasting)
70–110 mg/dL
(3.9–6.1 mmol/L) 90 mg/dL
(5 mmol/L) 99 mg/dL
(5.5 mmol/L)
Exhibit 3
Medication administration record
Allergies: None
Medications Thursday
Furosemide: 40 mg IVP, once daily 0700
Levofloxacin: 500 mg IV, once daily 0700
Glipizide: 5 mg orally, twice daily 0700-1700
Potassium chloride: 20 mEq/L orally, once daily 0700
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is preparing 7:00 AM medications for a client with a urinary tract infection and a history of heart failure and type 2 diabetes. Based on the information from the medical and medication records, which prescription should the nurse question before administering?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Furosemide in heart failure requires careful monitoring of fluid status and electrolytes, especially early in the day, to avoid exacerbating dehydration or hypotension. Glipizide, levofloxacin, and potassium chloride are appropriate for diabetes, UTI, and potential hypokalemia, respectively.