NCLEX-RN
NCLEX-RN Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is evaluating the laboratory value results of a client after a craniotomy for a pituitary tumor. Which values cause the nurse to suspect a diabetes insipidus complication?
Correct Answer: A, B
Rationale: Diabetes insipidus causes dilute urine (low specific gravity,
A) and hypernatremia (158 mEq/L,
B) from excessive water loss. Potassium (
C), hemoglobin (
D), and chloride (E) are normal and unrelated.
Question 2 of 5
For the past several months, an elderly female client with Alzheimer's disease has experienced paranoia; hallucinations; and aggressive, disruptive behavior. The family is utilizing haloperidol as needed to control her behavior. On nursing assessment, you note that the client demonstrates involuntary movements of the tongue and fingers. This may most likely indicate:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Tardive dyskinesia is a common side effect of antipsychotic medications such as haloperidol. Discontinuing the medication can alleviate symptoms. Although mild tremors are an early sign of Parkinson's disease, haloperidol must be discontinued first and the client further evaluated. These symptoms do not necessarily indicate a more advanced stage of Alzheimer's disease. Most antipsychotic drugs are chemically similar and will produce the same side effects.
Question 3 of 5
Which statement made by the student nurse indicates the need for further teaching regarding the administration of heparin?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Heparin is administered subcutaneously without aspiration, as aspirating can cause tissue damage and increase bleeding risk. The other statements are correct: heparin is injected 1–2 inches from the umbilicus, massage is avoided to prevent hematoma, and PTT is monitored to assess therapeutic effect.
Question 4 of 5
A female client with major depression stated that 'life is hopeless and not worth living.' The nurse should place highest priority on which of the following questions?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Maintenance of the client's life is the priority; assessment of suicidal intent is imperative.
Question 5 of 5
A post-operative client has an order for Demerol (meperidine) 75 mg and Phenergan (promethazine) 25 mg IM every 3-4 hours as needed for pain. The combination of the two medications produces a/an:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Meperidine (opioid) and promethazine (antihistamine) together produce a synergistic effect, enhancing pain relief and sedation. Promethazine potentiates meperidine’s effects.