NCLEX-RN
NCLEX RN Free Practice Questions Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The client is admitted with a diagnosis of hypovolemic shock. Which fluid is most appropriate for initial resuscitation?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: 0.9% Normal saline is the preferred isotonic fluid for initial resuscitation in hypovolemic shock to restore intravascular volume. Dextrose is hypotonic, 3% saline is hypertonic, and lactated Ringer’s is used in specific cases like burns.
Question 2 of 5
Stat serum electrolytes ordered for a client in acute renal failure revealed a serum potassium level of 6.4. The physician is immediately notified and orders 50 mL of dextrose and 10 U of regular insulin IV push. The nurse administering these drugs knows the rationale for this therapy is to:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Sodium polystyrene sulfonate (Kayexalate), a cation exchange resin, exchanges sodium ions for potassium ions in the large intestine reducing the serum potassium. Calcium is administered to protect the myocardium from the adverse effects of hyperkalemia. Serum levels reflect hyperkalemia. Rapid catabolism releases potassium from the body tissue into the bloodstream. Infection and hyperthermia increase the process of catabolism. The administration of dextrose and regular insulin IV forces potassium back into the cells decreasing the potassium in the serum.
Question 3 of 5
The client has elected to have epidural anesthesia to relieve labor pain. If the client experiences hypotension,the nurse should:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Hypotension from epidural anesthesia results from vasodilation. Increasing the IV infusion rate (e.g. with saline) restores blood volume and pressure. Trendelenburg may worsen spinal anesthesia spread and oxygen is secondary unless hypoxia occurs.
Question 4 of 5
A client with AIDS has impaired nutrition due to diarrhea. The nurse teaches the client about the need to avoid certain foods.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Raw foods like tossed salad (
A) can harbor pathogens, risky for AIDS patients with diarrhea. Baked chicken (
B), broiled fish (
C), and steamed rice (
D) are cooked and safer, indicating further teaching is needed for A.
Question 5 of 5
A client with a history of a stroke is being discharged. The client’s wife asks the nurse how long it will take for her husband to regain his speech. The nurse’s response is based on the knowledge that:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Most speech recovery post-stroke occurs within the first 6 months, though progress can continue with therapy. Recovery varies, but 6 months is a key period for significant improvement.