NCLEX Questions, ATI NCLEX-RN Practice Questions Questions,

Extract:

Question 1 of 5

Pregnant women with diabetes often have problems related to the effectiveness of insulin in controlling their glucose levels during their second half of pregnancy. The nurse teaches the client that this is due to:

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: There is a rise in glomerular filtration rate in the kidneys in conjunction with decreased tubular glucose reabsorption, resulting in glycosuria. Insulin is inhibited by increased levels of estrogen. Insulin is inhibited by increased levels of progesterone. Human placental lactogen levels increase later in pregnancy. This hormonal antagonist reduces insulin's effectiveness, stimulates lipolysis, and increases the circulation of free fatty acids.

Question 2 of 5

A 28-year-old multigravida has class II heart disease. At her prenatal visit at 34 weeks' gestation, all of the following observations are made. Which would require intervention?

A. Weight gain of 2 kg in 4 weeks B. Blood pressure of 128/78 C. Subjective data: shortness of breath after showering D. Ankle edema reported present in late afternoon and evenings

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: This is not an excessive weight gain indicative of fluid retention. The blood pressure is within normal range. Showering should not cause shortness of breath. This could be a sign of cardiac decompensation. Dependent ankle edema is normal late in the day among pregnant women. Progressive edema would be a dangerous development.

Question 3 of 5

A 6-month-old infant who was diagnosed at 4 weeks of age with a ventricular septal defect, was admitted today with a diagnosis of failure to thrive. His mother stated that he had not been eating well for the past month. A cardiac catheterization reveals congestive heart failure. All of the following nursing diagnoses are appropriate. Which nursing diagnosis should have priority?

A. Altered nutrition: less than body requirements related to inability to take in adequate calories B. Altered growth and development related to decreased intake of food C. Activity intolerance related to imbalance between oxygen supply and demand D. Decreased cardiac output related to ineffective pumping action of the heart

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Altered nutrition occurs owing to the fatigue from decreased cardiac output associated with congestive heart failure. The decreased intake occurs due to fatigue from the altered cardiac output. Fatigue occurs due to the decreased cardiac output. The ineffective action of the myocardium leads to inadequate O2 to the tissues, which produces activity intolerance, altered nutrition, and altered growth and development.

Question 4 of 5

The client is prescribed ciprofloxacin (Cipro) for a urinary tract infection. Which instruction should the nurse include?

A. Take the medication with dairy products.' B. Avoid prolonged sun exposure.' C. Take the medication only if symptoms persist.' D. Stop the medication if you feel better.'

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Ciprofloxacin can cause photosensitivity, so avoiding sun exposure prevents skin reactions. Dairy products reduce absorption, and the full course must be completed, regardless of symptoms.

Question 5 of 5

A pregnant client experiences a precipitous delivery. The nursing action during a precipitous delivery is to:

A. Control the delivery by guiding expulsion of fetus B. Leave the room to call the physician C. Push against the perineum to stop delivery D. Cross client's legs tightly

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Guiding the fetus's expulsion during a precipitous delivery minimizes injury and perineal trauma.