NCLEX-RN
NCLEX RN Free Practice Questions Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
An elderly client is diagnosed with interstitial cystitis. Which finding differentiates interstitial cystitis from other forms of cystitis?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Interstitial cystitis is characterized by chronic pelvic pain and urinary symptoms without bacterial infection, so the urine is typically free of bacteria, unlike bacterial cystitis.
Question 2 of 5
Stat serum electrolytes ordered for a client in acute renal failure revealed a serum potassium level of 6.4. The physician is immediately notified and orders 50 mL of dextrose and 10 U of regular insulin IV push. The nurse administering these drugs knows the rationale for this therapy is to:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Sodium polystyrene sulfonate (Kayexalate), a cation exchange resin, exchanges sodium ions for potassium ions in the large intestine reducing the serum potassium. Calcium is administered to protect the myocardium from the adverse effects of hyperkalemia. Serum levels reflect hyperkalemia. Rapid catabolism releases potassium from the body tissue into the bloodstream. Infection and hyperthermia increase the process of catabolism. The administration of dextrose and regular insulin IV forces potassium back into the cells decreasing the potassium in the serum.
Question 3 of 5
A client has recently been diagnosed with primary open-angle glaucoma. The nurse should tell the client to avoid taking:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Benadryl, an antihistamine, can increase intraocular pressure, worsening primary open-angle glaucoma, so it should be avoided.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is assessing a trauma client in the emergency room when she notes a penetrating abdominal wound with exposed viscera. The nurse should:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Exposed viscera should be covered with sterile saline-soaked gauze to keep them moist and prevent infection until surgical repair. Replacing contents or using non-sterile/petroleum dressings is unsafe.
Question 5 of 5
A client with a history of a ventricular tachycardia is receiving Amiodarone (Cordarone). The nurse should monitor the client for:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Amiodarone can cause pulmonary toxicity, a serious side effect requiring monitoring for cough or dyspnea. Hypotension is possible but less specific, and hyperglycemia/hypokalemia are unrelated.