NCLEX-RN
NCLEX RN Question Bank Free Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A client with a history of type 2 diabetes is prescribed sitagliptin (Januvia). The nurse should instruct the client to:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Sitagliptin can cause pancreatitis, requiring monitoring for abdominal pain.
Question 2 of 5
A client with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) reports chest discomfort that feels like heartburn, especially following each meal. After teaching the client to take antacids as prescribed, the nurse suggests that the client lie in which position during sleep?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The discomfort of reflux is aggravated by positions that allow the reflux of gastrointestinal contents. The client is instructed to remain upright for 1 to 2 hours after a meal and sleep with the head of the bed elevated to approximately 30 degrees (usually on 8- to 12-inch blocks). Lying flat will increase the episodes of reflux, resulting in chest discomfort.
Question 3 of 5
Which of the following is NOT an essential minimal component of the teaching that occurs prior to getting an informed consent?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Essential components of informed consent include the purpose , expected outcomes , and who will perform the procedure . The specific timing is not a required minimal component.
Question 4 of 5
A client with type 1 diabetes mellitus is admitted with hyperglycemia. The nurse should assess the client for which of the following signs of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: A, B, D, E
Rationale: DKA presents with fruity breath (due to acetone), Kussmaul respirations (compensatory hyperventilation), polyuria (osmotic diuresis), and hypotension (dehydration). Bradycardia is not typical.
Question 5 of 5
A client with a history of peptic ulcer disease is admitted to the hospital. Initial assessment reveals that his blood pressure is 96/60 mm Hg, his pulse rate is 120 bpm, and he has vomited coffee-ground material. Based on this assessment, what is the nurse's priority action?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The symptoms suggest gastrointestinal bleeding, and the modified Trendelenburg position helps maintain cerebral perfusion in hypovolemic shock.