NCLEX-RN
NCLEX-RN Exam Practice Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A client with a history of a kidney transplant is receiving Prednisone. The nurse should monitor the client for:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Prednisone, a corticosteroid, suppresses immunity, increasing infection risk. Hypotension, hyperkalemia, and weight loss are not primary concerns; weight gain is more common.
Question 2 of 5
A 7-year-old girl has been diagnosed with juvenile arthritis and has been placed on daily aspirin. Which statement made by the parent indicates a need for further teaching?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Aspirin should not be given on an empty stomach because it is irritating to the mucosa. Bleeding from decreased clotting capacity may be caused by aspirin toxicity. A regular schedule of aspirin administration is important to maintain a satisfactory drug level in the body. Aspirin toxicity may affect cranial nerve VIII, leading to tinnitus (ringing in the ears).
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client with a history of a mastectomy who is receiving chemotherapy. The nurse should monitor the client for:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Chemotherapy commonly causes nausea and vomiting, requiring monitoring and antiemetic therapy. Hypertension, weight gain, and fever are less immediate concerns.
Question 4 of 5
The primary reason that an increase in heart rate (100 bpm) detrimental to the client with a myocardial infarction (MI) is that:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Decreased stroke volume and blood pressure will occur secondary to decreased diastolic filling. Tachycardia primarily decreases diastole; systolic time changes very little. Contractility decreases owing to the decreased filling time and decreased time for fiber lengthening. Decreased O2 supply due to decreased time for filling of the coronary arteries increases ischemia and infarct size. Tachycardia primarily robs the heart of diastolic time, which is the primary time for coronary artery filling.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse practitioner determines that a client is approximately 9 weeks' gestation. During the visit, the practitioner informs the client about symptoms of physical changes that she will experience during her first trimester, such as:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Nausea and vomiting are experienced by almost half of all pregnant women during the first 3 months of pregnancy as a result of elevated human chorionic gonadotropin levels and changed carbohydrate metabolism. Quickening is the mother's perception of fetal movement and generally does not occur until 18-20 weeks after the last menstrual period in primigravidas, but it may occur as early as 16 weeks in multigravidas. During the first trimester there should be only a modest weight gain of 2-4 lb. It is not uncommon for women to lose weight during the first trimester owing to nausea and/or vomiting. Physical changes are not apparent until the second trimester, when the uterus rises out of the pelvis.