NCLEX-RN
NCLEX RN Free Practice Questions Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A client with a history of a hiatal hernia is being discharged. The nurse should teach the client to:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Heavy lifting increases abdominal pressure, worsening hiatal hernia symptoms. Small meals, sleeping upright, and avoiding spicy foods are also recommended.
Question 2 of 5
A 71-year-old client fell and injured her left leg while cooking in the kitchen. Her husband calls the ambulance, and she is taken to the emergency department at a local hospital. X-ray reports confirm that she has an intertrochanteric fracture of the left femur. Her left leg will require skeletal traction initially and then surgery. The nurse knows that this type of traction will be used:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Skeletal traction is the application of traction directly to bone with the use of pins and wires or tongs for the purpose of providing a strong, steady, continuous longitudinal pull on the bone. It is indicated for preoperative immobilization and positioning of hip and femur fractures. A type of skeletal traction (balanced suspension with a Thomas splint and Pearson attachment) uses a sling to support the extremity, but it also uses weights to provide a strong, steady continuous pull on the extremity. A sling is used instead of pins. Pelvic traction provides an intermittent pull over the pelvis and bone, whereas skeletal traction is continuous. Pelvic traction does not use pins. Skeletal traction uses weights at the end of the bed to provide a continuous pull on long bones. Weights are not applied to both ends of the bed.
Question 3 of 5
A 4-week-old infant is admitted to the emergency room in respiratory distress. Which of the following statements indicates the nurse's knowledge of the anatomy of the respiratory system in pediatric clients?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The airway in children is much smaller than it is in adults. The diameter of the trachea in the newborn is 4 mm and that of the adult is 20 mm. A small change in the diameter of the airway can make a major difference in the pediatric client. The tongue is proportionally larger in children and fills most of the oral cavity, thereby decreasing air space. The entire pediatric airway is elastic. Elasticity diminishes with age, however. The distances between respiratory structures are shorter than that of adults, and therefore organisms are able to move more rapidly down the throat, leading to more extensive respiratory involvement.
Question 4 of 5
The client is diagnosed with hyperkalemia. Which food should the nurse instruct the client to avoid?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Bananas are high in potassium, which should be avoided in hyperkalemia to prevent worsening arrhythmias. Broccoli, salmon, and pasta have lower potassium content.
Question 5 of 5
Which situation would be reportable to the state board of nursing?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: An incorrect narcotic count for three days suggests potential diversion or mismanagement of controlled substances a serious issue reportable to the state board of nursing. The other situations are administrative or safety issues but not typically reportable to the board.