NCLEX-RN
RN NCLEX Practice Test Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A client was admitted to the hospital for a TURP. Within 48 hours of admission and 12 hours postoperatively, both the blood pressure and pulse increased. He became agitated, thought snakes were crawling on his arms and legs, and generally became unmanageable. He pulled out his IV and urinary catheter in attempt to rid himself of the snakes. He was sweating profusely. The admission nurse's notes indicated that the client admitted to 'having a few drinks now and then.' He is probably experiencing which of the following?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Symptoms of psychotic depression must exist for at least 2 weeks, and the symptoms must represent a change from previous functioning. Delirium tremens occur approximately on the second or third day following cessation or reduction of alcohol intake. Symptoms would be all those described in the situation. Symptoms exhibited by this client are not exhibited in clients with anxiety disorders, who manifest excessive or unrealistic worry about life circumstances for at least 6 months. Symptoms for adjustment disorders with mixed emotional features (e.g., depression and anxiety) are different from those exhibited by the client in this situation.
Question 2 of 5
A client with a history of a hiatal hernia is being taught about dietary management. The nurse should encourage the client to:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Caffeine relaxes the lower esophageal sphincter, worsening hiatal hernia symptoms. Small meals, avoiding lying down post-meals, and low-fat foods are recommended.
Question 3 of 5
A client has renal failure. Today's lab values indicate he has an elevated serum potassium. What additional priority information does the nurse need to obtain?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The level of consciousness is not affected by elevated potassium levels. An electrocardiogram (EKG) can tell the nurse whether this client is experiencing any cardiac dysfunction or arrhythmias related to the elevated potassium level. Measurement of the urine output is not a priority nursing action at this time. The client's serum potassium values for the past several days may provide information about his renal function, but they are not a priority at this time.
Question 4 of 5
A client with a history of heart failure is receiving Spironolactone (Aldactone). The nurse should teach the client to:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Spironolactone, a potassium-sparing diuretic, risks hyperkalemia, so potassium-rich foods should be avoided. Sodium restriction, daytime dosing, and fluid management are secondary.
Question 5 of 5
Due to his prolonged history of alcohol abuse, an alcoholic client will most likely have deficiencies of which of the following nutrients?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Chronic alcoholism can lead to deficiencies of B complex vitamins including thiamine and pyroxidine.