NCLEX-RN
NCLEX RN Practice Questions Free Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A 12-year-old girl has been diagnosed with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Which of these principles would best guide her nutritional management?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Concentrated sweets are eliminated from diet planning. Complex carbohydrates may be taken at the time of increased activity. Food restriction is not used for diabetic control of growing children. Caloric restriction may be imposed for weight control if necessary.
Total caloric intake and proportions of basic nutrients should be consistent from day to day. Distribution of these calories should fit the activity pattern. Extra food is needed for increased activity. A balance of food, exercise, and insulin should be maintained. Because of the increased risk of atherosclerosis, the fat percentage of the total caloric intake is reduced.
Question 2 of 5
Nimodipine (Nimotop) is ordered for the client with a ruptured cerebral aneurysm. What does the nurse recognize as a desired effect of this drug?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Nimodipine, a calcium channel blocker, prevents calcium influx into cells, reducing vasospasm post-aneurysm rupture. It doesn’t normalize BP (
B), prevent inflammation (
C), or dissolve clots (
D).
Question 3 of 5
When administering phenytoin (Dilantin) to a child, the nurse should be aware that a toxic effect of phenytoin therapy is:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
Stephens-Johnson syndrome is a toxic effect of phenytoin. Folate deficiency is a side effect of phenytoin, but not a toxic effect. Leukopenic aplastic anemia is a toxic effect of carbamazepine (Tegretol). Granulocytosis and nephrosis are toxic effects of trimethadione (Tridione).
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client with a history of a stroke who has dysphagia. The nurse should:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Thickening liquids reduces aspiration risk in dysphagia post-stroke. Thin liquids, flat positioning, and straws increase aspiration risk.
Question 5 of 5
The physician has ordered synthetic thyroid medication for a patient with hypothyroidism. The nurse should instruct the client to:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Thyroid medication (e.g. levothyroxine) is best taken in the morning on an empty stomach with water to optimize absorption and align with the body’s circadian rhythm. Taking it with food or at other times may reduce efficacy.