NCLEX Questions Safety and Infection Control

Extract:

Question 1 of 5

While providing home care to a client with congestive heart failure, the nurse is asked how long diuretics must be taken. What is the nurse's best response?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The medication must be continued so the fluid problem is controlled.' This is the most therapeutic response and gives the client accurate information.

Question 2 of 5

As part of an infection-control policy, newly admitted clients are screened for possible undiagnosed or unsuspected infectious tuberculosis. Which questions should the nurse ask to accomplish this screening? Select all that apply.

A. "Have you been exposed to someone with tuberculosis?" B. "What was the date of your last tuberculin skin test?" C. "Have you had a cough that lasted more than 3 weeks?" D. "Have you experienced blood in your urine or stools?" E. "Have you had a recent weight gain, fever, or night sweats?"

Correct Answer: A,B,C

Rationale: A: Exposure history is key for TB screening. B: Recent skin tests indicate prior screening. C: Prolonged cough is a TB symptom. D: Blood in urine/stools is unrelated. E: Weight loss, not gain, is associated with TB.

Question 3 of 5

A 14 year-old with a history of sickle cell disease is admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of vaso-occlusive crisis. Which statements by the client would be most indicative of the etiology of this crisis?

A. I knew this would happen. I've been eating too much red meat lately.' B. I really enjoyed my fishing trip yesterday. I caught two fish.' C. I have really been working hard practicing basketball.' D. I went to get a cold checked out last week, and I have gotten worse.'

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: I went to get a cold checked out last week, and I have gotten worse.' Any condition that increases the body's need for oxygen or alters the transport of oxygen, such as infection, trauma or dehydration may result in a sickle cell crisis.

Question 4 of 5

The nurse is caring for the client with a urinary catheter. Which interventions should the nurse implement to prevent a catheter-acquired UTI? Select all that apply.

A. Rubbing for 10 seconds when using alcohol-based hand rubs B. Changing urinary catheters and drainage bags once a week C. Using the smallest numbered catheter with intermittent catheterizations D. Properly securing the catheter on the client's thigh to prevent movement E. Keeping a urinary drainage bag below the level of the client's bladder

Correct Answer: D,E

Rationale: D: Securing the catheter prevents urethral irritation, reducing UTI risk. E: Keeping the bag below bladder level prevents urine reflux. A: Hand rubs require 15-30 seconds. B: Routine changes increase risk. C: Larger catheters may be needed.

Question 5 of 5

A client is being maintained on heparin therapy for deep vein thrombosis (DVT). The nurse must closely monitor which of the following laboratory values?

A. bleeding time B. platelet count C. activated PTT D. clotting time

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: activated PTT. Heparin is used to prevent further clots from being formed and to prevent the present clot from enlarging. The Activated Prothromboplastin Time (APTT) test is a highly sensitive test to monitor the client on heparin.

NCLEX Questions Safety and Infection Control | Nurselytic

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