NCLEX-RN
NCLEX RN Practice Questions Exam Cram Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
While eating in the hospital cafeteria, a nurse notices a toddler at a nearby table choking on a piece of food and appearing slightly blue. What is the appropriate initial action to take?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: When a toddler is choking on a piece of food and appears blue, it indicates airway obstruction. The appropriate initial action should be to perform 5 abdominal thrusts. This technique can help dislodge the obstructing object and clear the airway. Initiating mouth-to-mouth resuscitation is not recommended as the first step in a choking emergency, especially in children. Giving water may not be effective and can worsen the situation by causing further blockage. Calling the emergency response team should be considered if the abdominal thrusts are unsuccessful in clearing the airway.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is caring for a 13-year-old following spinal fusion for scoliosis. Which of the following interventions is appropriate in the immediate post-operative period?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In the immediate post-operative period following spinal fusion for scoliosis in a 13-year-old, it is important to maintain the patient in a flat position and perform logrolling as needed. This helps prevent injury to the surgical site and ensures proper spinal alignment. Raising the head of the bed at least 30 degrees is contraindicated as it can put strain on the surgical site. Encouraging ambulation within 24 hours may be appropriate in the recovery process but not in the immediate post-operative period. Encouraging leg contraction and relaxation after 48 hours may also be part of the rehabilitation process but is not a priority in the immediate post-operative period.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse provides home care instructions to the parents of a child with celiac disease. The nurse should teach the parents to include which food item in the child's diet?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In celiac disease, individuals are intolerant to gluten found in wheat, barley, rye, and oats.
Therefore, it is crucial to eliminate these grains from the diet. Rice, corn, or millet are safe alternatives for individuals with celiac disease. Oatmeal is generally avoided unless specifically labeled as gluten-free due to possible cross-contamination. Rye toast and white bread contain gluten and should be avoided in celiac disease. Vitamin supplements may also be necessary to address deficiencies caused by dietary restrictions.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is caring for a post-surgical client at risk for developing deep vein thrombosis. Which intervention is an effective preventive measure?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Encouraging range of motion and ambulation is an effective preventive measure for deep vein thrombosis in post-surgical clients. Mobility helps improve blood circulation, reducing the risk of clot formation. Elastic stockings help prevent blood pooling and clotting in the legs by providing external pressure to support venous return. Massaging the legs twice daily may help with circulation but is not as effective as promoting movement and ambulation. Placing pillows under the knees is a comfort measure and does not directly address the prevention of deep vein thrombosis.
Question 5 of 5
When asked to describe in layman's terms an overview of the condition called osteomyelitis, what would be the nurse's best response?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Osteomyelitis is an infection in the bone that can be caused by bacteria reaching the bone either from outside the body (such as through an open fracture) or inside the body (such as through the bloodstream). This response provides a concise and accurate explanation of osteomyelitis, making it the best choice.
Choices A and B provide inaccurate information about the condition, attributing it to age-related bone breakdown and Vitamin D deficiency, which are not correct causes of osteomyelitis.
Choice D deflects the question instead of providing the patient with a clear explanation, making it an inappropriate response.