NCLEX-PN
Quizlet NCLEX PN 2023 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
Which sexually transmitted disease, sometimes referred to as the silent STD, is more common than gonorrhea and a leading cause of PID?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is Chlamydia. Chlamydia is a common sexually transmitted infection that can often be asymptomatic, earning it the nickname 'silent STD.' It is more common than gonorrhea and is a leading cause of Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PI
D). Genital herpes (
Choice
A) is a viral infection, not a bacterial STD like chlamydia. Trichomoniasis (
Choice
B) is a parasitic infection and not commonly associated with causing PID. Syphilis (
Choice
C) is a bacterial infection but is not as common as chlamydia and is not a leading cause of PID.
Question 2 of 5
When assessing a client with early impairment of oxygen perfusion, such as a pulmonary embolus, the nurse should expect to find restlessness and which of the following symptoms?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: When a client has early impairment of oxygen perfusion, such as in a pulmonary embolus, the nurse should expect to find restlessness, diaphoresis, tachycardia, and cool skin. Tachycardia is a compensatory mechanism to increase oxygen delivery to tissues. Cool, clammy skin (choice
A) is more indicative of impaired oxygen perfusion compared to warm, dry skin. Bradycardia (choice
B) is less likely to occur in the early stages and is more common in severe cases. Eupnea (choice
D) refers to normal respirations in rate and depth, which may not be altered in early impairment of oxygen perfusion.
Question 3 of 5
What happens if folic acid is administered to treat anemia without determining its underlying cause?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: When folic acid is given without determining the underlying cause of anemia, the symptoms of pernicious anemia may be masked, potentially delaying the correct treatment. Folic acid alone does not protect against the central nervous system changes seen in pernicious anemia, which are related to Vitamin B12 deficiency. Folic acid and Vitamin B12 are both crucial for cell growth and division. Administering folic acid without knowing the specific type of anemia could lead to a delay in addressing the root cause. Option A is incorrect because folic acid is essential for erythropoiesis, the production of red blood cells. Option B is incorrect as excessive folic acid can cause toxicity, but it is not the primary concern in this context. Option D is incorrect because folic acid treatment for anemia does not directly impact intrinsic factor, which is related to Vitamin B12 absorption.
Question 4 of 5
What is the best lab test to diagnose disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The best lab test to diagnose disseminated intravascular coagulation (DI
C) is the D-dimer test. In DIC, numerous small clots form throughout the body and are rapidly broken down. D-dimer measures a specific fibrin split product and is the most specific test for DIC. Platelet count (
Choice
A) is decreased in DIC due to consumption, but it is not specific for diagnosing DIC. Prothrombin time (PT -
Choice
B) and partial thromboplastin time (PTT -
Choice
C) are both elevated in DIC because clotting factors have been used up, but they are not specific for DIC as they can be elevated in other conditions as well.
Question 5 of 5
A patient has a history of cardiac arrhythmia. A nurse has been ordered to give 2 units of blood to this patient. The nurse should take which of the following actions?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: In patients with a history of cardiac arrhythmia, warming the blood before transfusion can help prevent additional arrhythmias. Cold blood can lead to arrhythmias and should be avoided. Administering pain medication (
Choice
A) is not directly related to the safe administration of blood. Informing the patient's family in person (
Choice
B) is important but not the immediate action required for safe transfusion. Decreasing the temperature of the blood to be given (
Choice
C) would increase the risk of cardiac arrhythmia, contrary to the goal of ensuring patient safety.