NCLEX-RN
NCLEX RN Medical Surgical Questions and Answers Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following reflects the principle on which a client's diet will most likely be based during the acute phase of myocardial infarction?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Small, easily digested meals reduce the metabolic demand on the heart and prevent gastrointestinal distress, which could exacerbate myocardial oxygen demand during the acute phase of MI.
Question 2 of 5
Which nursing action is important in preventing cross-contamination?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Changing gloves immediately after use prevents cross-contamination by removing potential pathogens from the nurse's hands before touching other surfaces or clients. The other actions are less effective in preventing contamination.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse explains to the client with Hodgkin's disease that a bone marrow biopsy will be taken after the aspiration. What should the nurse explain about the biopsy?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: During a bone marrow biopsy, the client feels pressure but should not experience pain due to local anesthesia. The nurse should instruct the client to report pain for additional anesthesia. The biopsy follows the aspiration, no crunch or suction pain is typical, and an incision may be made for the biopsy, not just aspiration.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse uses a Doppler ultrasound device to assess the client's lower extremities. In addition, the nurse calculates the ankle-brachial index to estimate stenosis of the:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The ankle-brachial index (ABI) measures the ratio of ankle to brachial systolic blood pressure to assess arterial stenosis in the lower extremities. A low ABI indicates arterial narrowing, typical in PVD. It does not assess the aorta, carotid, or veins.
Question 5 of 5
Two days after surgery, a client continues to take hydrocodone 7.5 mg and acetaminophen 500 mg (Lortab 7.5/500). What should the nurse ask the client before administering the pain medication?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Asking about the time since the last dose ensures safe administration, preventing overdose or toxicity, as hydrocodone has a specific dosing interval.