NCLEX-RN
Basic Adult Health Care NCLEX Heart Questions Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following is a risk factor for hypovolemic shock?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Hemorrhage is a primary cause of hypovolemic shock, as it reduces circulating blood volume. Antigen-antibody reactions cause anaphylactic shock, gram-negative bacteria cause septic shock, and vasodilation is a feature of distributive shock.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is to administer subcutaneous heparin to an older adult. What facts should the nurse keep in mind when administering this dose? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: C,E
Rationale: Subcutaneous heparin should be administered using a 27-gauge, 5/8-inch needle to ensure proper delivery into subcutaneous tissue. Due to the risk of bleeding, the dose should be double-checked with another nurse. The anterior iliac crest is not a standard site (abdomen is preferred), onset is not immediate (takes hours), and cephalosporins do not potentiate heparin's effects.
Question 3 of 5
A 68-year-old client with colon cancer experiences an increase in his feelings of anxiety and depression and has suicidal ideation. He appears to be in great distress. The nurse realizes that he is at which stage in his disease?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Increased anxiety, depression, and suicidal ideation suggest the client is in the end stage of colon cancer, facing mortality and existential distress.
Question 4 of 5
A client with bladder cancer reports fatigue and weight loss. The nurse should assess for:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Fatigue and weight loss in bladder cancer may indicate metastasis, as the disease progresses.
Question 5 of 5
Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching plan for a client who is experiencing gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Avoiding lying down for 2 hours after eating prevents reflux of stomach contents into the esophagus, a key strategy for managing GERD. The other options are incorrect or exacerbate symptoms.