Neurological Disorder NCLEX

Extract:

Question 1 of 5

Which medication should the nurse administer first during a prolonged seizure?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Lorazepam IV is the first-line treatment for status epilepticus to rapidly stop seizure activity.

Question 2 of 5

The client is prescribed a loading dose of phenytoin of 15 mg/kg IV for seizure activity, then 100 mg IV tid. The client weighs 198 lb. What dose in mg should the nurse administer for the loading dose of phenytoin?

Your Answer:

Correct Answer: 1350

Rationale: 198 lb = 90 kg; (198 ÷ 2.2 = 90 kg; 90 x 15 = 1350) The nurse should administer 1350 mg phenytoin (Dilantin).

Question 3 of 5

The client is scheduled for an electroencephalogram (EEG) to help diagnose a seizure disorder. Which preprocedure teaching should the nurse implement?

A. Tell the client to take any routine antiseizure medication prior to the EEG. B. Tell the client not to eat anything for eight (8) hours prior to the procedure. C. Instruct the client to stay awake for 24 hours prior to the EEG. D. Explain to the client that there will be some discomfort during the procedure.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Taking routine antiseizure medications (
A) ensures therapeutic levels during the EEG, avoiding seizures that could skew results. Fasting (
B) is unnecessary, sleep deprivation (
C) may be used in specific cases but not routinely, and EEGs are painless (
D).

Question 4 of 5

The client diagnosed with Guillain-Barré syndrome is scheduled to receive plasmapheresis treatments. The client’s spouse asks the nurse about the purpose of plasmapheresis. Which explanation is correct?

A. “Plasmapheresis removes excess fluid from the bloodstream.” B. “Plasmapheresis will increase the protein levels in the blood.” C. “Plasmapheresis removes circulating antibodies from the blood.” D. “Plasmapheresis infuses lipoproteins to restore the myelin sheath.”

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Aquapheresis or dialysis, not plasmapheresis, will remove excess fluid from the blood. Plasmapheresis does not increase protein levels in the blood. Plasmapheresis is a procedure in which harmful antibodies are removed from the blood. During the procedure, blood is removed from the client, the plasma is separated, and blood cells without the plasma are returned to the client. Plasmapheresis does not involve infusing lipoproteins.

Question 5 of 5

Which nursing action would be most appropriate if the client develops anorexia and nausea while taking interferon beta-1a (Avonex)?

A. Withhold the medication. B. Offer frequent mouth care. C. Administer the drug after meals. D. Provide small, easy to digest meals.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Providing small, easy-to-digest meals helps manage nausea and encourages nutritional intake without altering the medication schedule.

Neurological Disorder NCLEX | Nurselytic

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