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NCLEX RN Medical Surgical Practice Questions Questions

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Question 1 of 5

Which intervention is appropriate for a client on hemodialysis?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Checking for a thrill ensures fistula patency for dialysis.

Question 2 of 5

Blood pressure in the systemic circulation is highest in the:

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Blood pressure is highest in the aorta, where blood is ejected directly from the left ventricle during systole, generating peak pressure (systolic pressure). As blood flows through arterioles, capillaries, and venules, pressure progressively decreases due to resistance and vessel compliance. This makes the aorta the correct answer.

Question 3 of 5

A client has been diagnosed with vasospastic disorder (Raynaud's phenomenon) on the tip of the nose and fingertips. The physician has prescribed reserpine (Serpasil) to determine if the client will obtain relief. The client's history reveals that he lives in Vermont and works outside in the logging industry. He smokes two packs of cigarettes a day. Which of the following components are an important part of the discharge plan for this client? Select all that apply.

Correct Answer: A,B,D,E

Rationale: Rationales:
A) Stopping smoking reduces vasoconstriction triggered by nicotine, critical in Raynaud's.
B) Face covering and gloves protect against cold, a trigger for vasospasm.
D) Working in a warm environment minimizes cold exposure. E) Reserpine may cause orthostatic hypotension, requiring monitoring.
C) Cool water worsens vasospasm; warm water is recommended.

Question 4 of 5

The client's blood urea nitrogen (BUN) concentration is elevated in acute renal failure. What is the likely cause of this finding?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Reduced renal blood flow impairs urea excretion, causing elevated BUN levels in acute renal failure.

Question 5 of 5

The nurse is applying a hand mitt restraint for a client with pruritis (see figure). The nurse should be:

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: A physician's order is required for restraints to ensure legal and ethical use, prioritizing patient safety and preventing scratching in pruritus.

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The client who has undergone a bilateral adrenalectomy is ready to return home. She tells the nurse that she is concerned about persistent body changes and the fact that her moods are still so unpredictable. She says, 'I thought surgery was supposed to fix all that.' The nurse should tell the client that:
A client with osteoarthritis will undergo an arthrocentesis on his painful edematous knee. What should be included in the nursing plan of care? Select all that apply.
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