NCLEX-RN
NCLEX RN Simulated Exam Test Bank Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
Which gland of the endocrine system secretes a hormone that assists with the sleep/wake cycle?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is the Pineal gland. The Pineal gland, located in the brain, secretes melatonin, which plays a crucial role in regulating the sleep/wake cycle in response to exposure to light. The Pituitary gland (
Choice
A) secretes various hormones but not specifically related to the sleep/wake cycle. The Pancreas (
Choice
C) secretes insulin and digestive enzymes, not hormones related to the sleep/wake cycle. The Hypothalamus (
Choice
D) is involved in regulating many bodily functions, including hormone secretion, but it does not directly secrete the hormone that regulates the sleep/wake cycle.
Question 2 of 5
The abbreviation pc is defined as ________________.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: 'after the meal.' In medical terminology, 'pc' is an abbreviation for 'post cibum,' which means 'after eating' or 'after the meal.' This term is used to indicate when a medication should be taken concerning meals.
Choices A, B, and D are incorrect. 'Before the meal' (
A) is typically abbreviated as 'ac,' 'with the meal' (
B) is abbreviated as 'pc,' and 'post corpi' (
D) is not a valid medical abbreviation or term.
Question 3 of 5
What procedure examines a portion of the large intestine with an endoscope?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Sigmoidoscopy is the correct answer because it specifically examines the sigmoid colon located in the descending colon using an endoscope inserted through the rectum. This procedure captures video and images of the large intestine's lining, helping in the diagnosis of conditions like inflammatory bowel disease or colorectal cancer. Colposcopy, on the other hand, is a procedure for examining the cervix and vagina, not the large intestine. Upper GI involves capturing images of the esophagus and stomach, focusing on the upper gastrointestinal tract, not the large intestine. Cardiac catheterization is a procedure that involves threading a thin instrument through the femoral artery to the heart, used for cardiac interventions and not related to examining the large intestine.
Question 4 of 5
A patient suffering from hyperglycemia would be experiencing:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hyperglycemia is a condition characterized by high blood sugar levels. In this state, there is an excess of glucose in the bloodstream. Patients with hyperglycemia are often diagnosed with diabetes. The term 'hyperglycemia' specifically refers to elevated blood sugar levels.
Therefore, the correct answer is 'High blood sugar.'
Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because hyperglycemia indicates elevated blood sugar levels and not low or normal levels.
Question 5 of 5
During an assessment, a nurse asks a patient, "If you had fever and vomiting for 3 days, what would you do?"? Which aspect of the mental status examination is the nurse assessing?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The nurse is assessing cognition in this scenario. Cognition involves evaluating a patient's judgment and decision-making abilities. By asking the patient what they would do in a specific situation, the nurse aims to determine the patient's cognitive function. A correct response indicating intact cognition would involve a decision like 'Call my doctor.' If the patient suggests inappropriate actions like 'I would stop eating' or 'I would just wait and see what happened,' it would suggest impaired judgment. The other options, behavior, affect and mood, and perceptual disturbances, refer to different aspects of the mental status examination and are not directly assessed through this question.