Peripheral Vascular Disease NCLEX Questions

Extract:

Question 1 of 5

Which assessment data would the nurse recognize to support the diagnosis of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA)?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: An abdominal bruit (
B) is a key sign of AAA due to turbulent flow. Shortness of breath (
A) is nonspecific, ripping pain (
C) suggests dissection, and low urine output (
D) is a complication, not diagnostic.

Question 2 of 5

The nurse is teaching a class on atherosclerosis. Which statement describes the scientific rationale as to why diabetes is a risk factor for developing atherosclerosis?

A. Glucose combines with carbon monoxide, instead of with oxygen, and this leads to oxygen deprivation of tissues. B. Diabetes stimulates the sympathetic nervous system, resulting in peripheral constriction that increases the development of atherosclerosis. C. Diabetes speeds the atherosclerotic process by thickening the basement membrane of both large and small vessels. D. The increased glucose combines with the hemoglobin, which causes deposits of plaque in the lining of the vessels.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Diabetes accelerates atherosclerosis by thickening vascular basement membranes (
C), promoting plaque. Carbon monoxide (
A), sympathetic stimulation (
B), and glucose-hemoglobin (
D) are incorrect mechanisms.

Question 3 of 5

The nurse is caring for the client on strict bedrest. Which intervention is priority when caring for this client?

A. Encourage the client to drink liquids. B. Perform active range-of-motion exercises. C. Elevate the head of the bed to 45 degrees. D. Provide a high-fiber diet to the client.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: High-fiber diet (
D) prevents constipation, a priority in bedrest to avoid straining and DVT risk. Fluids (
A) are important, active ROM (
B) is incorrect (passive needed), and HOB elevation (
C) is not primary.

Question 4 of 5

The nurse is caring for clients on a surgical floor. Which client should be assessed first?

A. The client who is four (4) days postoperative abdominal surgery and is complaining of left calf pain when ambulating. B. The client who is one (1) day postoperative hernia repair who has just been able to void 550 mL of clear amber urine. C. The client who is five (5) days postoperative open cholecystectomy who has a T-tube and is being discharged. D. The client who is 16 hours post-abdominal hysterectomy and is complaining of abdominal pain and is expelling flatus.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Calf pain post-surgery (
A) suggests DVT, requiring immediate assessment. Normal voiding (
B), discharge (
C), and expected pain/flatus (
D) are less urgent.

Question 5 of 5

The nurse knows the client understands the teaching concerning a low-fat, low-cholesterol diet when the client selects which meal?

A. Fried fish, garlic mashed potatoes, and iced tea. B. Ham and cheese on white bread and whole milk. C. Baked chicken, baked potato, and skim milk. D. A hamburger, French fries, and carbonated beverage.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Baked chicken, baked potato, and skim milk (
C) are low-fat/low-cholesterol. Fried fish (
A), ham/cheese/milk (
B), and hamburger/fries (
D) are high-fat.

Peripheral Vascular Disease NCLEX Questions | Nurselytic

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