Respiratory System NCLEX Questions

Extract:

Question 1 of 5

Which action should the nurse implement for the client with a hemothorax who has a right-sided chest tube with excessive bubbling in the water-seal compartment?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Excessive bubbling suggests an air leak or high suction; checking suction (
A) is first. Clots (
B), milking (
C), and coughing (
D) are secondary or inappropriate.

Question 2 of 5

A 62-year-old man is admitted with emphysema and acute upper respiratory infection. Oxygen is ordered at 2 L/min. The reason for low-flow oxygen is to:

A. prevent excessive drying of secretions. B. facilitate oxygen diffusion of the blood. C. prevent depression of the respiratory drive. D. compensate for increased airway resistance.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In COPD, low oxygen levels drive respiration. Low-flow oxygen prevents suppression of the respiratory drive, which could occur with high-flow oxygen.

Question 3 of 5

Select all the correct options that represent the pathophysiology of an asthma attack.

A. The smooth muscle surrounding the alveoli constricts, limiting oxygenation. B. The mucosa lining experiences severe inflammation. C. The goblet cells within the mucosa lining produce excessive amounts of mucous. D. Too much carbon dioxide is exhaled due to hyperventilation and the patient experiences respiratory alkalosis.

Correct Answer: B,C

Rationale: Asthma involves inflammation of the airway mucosa and excessive mucus production by goblet cells. Smooth muscle constriction occurs in bronchioles, not alveoli, and hyperventilation typically leads to respiratory acidosis due to CO2 retention.

Question 4 of 5

Your patient is diagnosed with a latent tuberculosis infection. Select all the correct statements that reflect this condition:

A. The patient will not need treatment unless it progresses to an active tuberculosis infection. B. The patient is not contagious and will have no signs and symptoms. C. The patient will have a positive tuberculin skin test or IGRA test. D. The patient will have an abnormal chest x-ray. E. The patient's sputum will test positive for mycobacterium tuberculosis.

Correct Answer: B,C

Rationale: Latent TB infection is characterized by no symptoms, no contagiousness , and a positive tuberculin skin test or IGRA . Treatment is often recommended to prevent progression (not
A). Chest X-rays are typically normal (not
D), and sputum tests are negative (not E).

Question 5 of 5

How should the nurse position the client while undergoing a thoracentesis?

A. Lithotomy position B. Sitting C. Prone D. Supine

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Sitting upright with arms supported allows access to the pleural space and minimizes complications during thoracentesis.

Respiratory System NCLEX Questions | Nurselytic

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