NCLEX-RN
Culture and Spirituality Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The unit manager working on a medical-surgical unit is conducting an inservice session on the provision of spirituality and culturally competent care and factors that contribute to health disparities. Which factors does the manager incorporate into this teaching session? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: A,C,D,F
Rationale: Many factors contribute to health disparities, including age; ethnicity, race, and culture; education; health care provider attitudes; geographic location; income; occupation; health literacy; and gender. Genetics and past medical history are not factors that influence health disparities.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client who is of Asian descent and is assessing for client perceptions regarding nutrition. Which, in addition to the impact of food on disease and illness, should the nurse consider in order to provide culturally competent care?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: When addressing nutrition for clients with diverse cultural backgrounds, dietary preferences, the impact of food on disease and illness, and client perception of body weight and size relative to culture must be considered. For example, clients who are not part of the Western culture may not consider obesity to be a major health indicator; therefore, teaching regarding weight reduction may be difficult. The other options address social and financial status and are not directly related to cultural considerations with regard to nutrition.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is caring for a new immigrant from the Philippines. The client is 4 cm dilated and 30% effaced. This is her first child. The mother is grimacing; her pulse, respiratory rate, and blood pressure are elevated. The nurse offers to call the health care provider for an epidural prescription. The mother declines. The nurse should hypothesize that the client declined the epidural for which reason? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: A,E
Rationale: Childbirth experiences differ among different nationalities. Filipino mothers fear drug addiction. They also believe that pain is a form of spiritual atonement. Hispanic and Arab-American mothers are more vocal during childbirth. Mexican mothers have parteras (specially trained persons) attend them during the childbirth process. Vietnamese mothers are quiet during childbirth and view it as a normal part of life.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is caring for a postoperative client with spiritual and culturally based eating and food requirements. Which interventions demonstrate the nurse's spiritual and cultural consideration of the client? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: C,D,E
Rationale: Spiritual and cultural consideration reflects attempts to maintain familiar customs to achieve the same healthy responses expected of our Western culture customs. Gaining knowledge of the customs and their importance to the client will be the basis for an understanding that allows for flexibility and compromise when necessary. Including the family in the discussion will assist with the process as will discussing the needs the client has at this particular time in order to formulate a plan to meet the needs while maintaining cultural customs. Encouraging new foods in place of the usual foods may be viewed as being insensitive and showing a lack of concern. Substitution is not always necessary.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is caring for an older adult client of an unfamiliar ethnic culture. The nurse shows an understanding of the general principles of culturally sensitive interaction when implementing which interventions? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: A,E
Rationale: Although cultural sensitivities vary, it is generally prudent to show respect for an older client of any ethnic background by using his or her formal name. Personal conversations not required as part of the assessment process should be avoided, as should a show of authority. Maintaining eye contact is not universally taken to be a positive behavior and so may be limited until it is determined to be acceptable by the client. Physical touching by strangers is not readily accepted in many cultures and should be engaged in cautiously and only when necessary and with permission from the client.