NCLEX-RN
Health Care of the Older Adult NCLEX Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The nurse manager on the orthopedic unit is reviewing a report that indicates that in the last month five clients were diagnosed with pressure ulcers. The nurse manager should:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A quality improvement plan addresses root causes, proposes solutions, and sets measurable outcomes, effectively reducing pressure ulcer incidence.
Question 2 of 5
The client who does not respond adequately to fluid replacement has an order for an I.V. infusion of dopamine hydrochloride at 5 µg/kg/minute. To determine that the drug is having the desired effect, the nurse should assess the client for:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Dopamine at 5 µg/kg/minute primarily increases cardiac output by enhancing myocardial contractility and heart rate, improving perfusion in shock. Renal/mesenteric flow occurs at lower doses, vasoconstriction at higher doses, and preload/afterload reduction is not a primary effect.
Question 3 of 5
A client with a history of systemic lupus erythematosus was admitted with a severe viral respiratory tract infection and diffuse petechiae. Based on these data, it is most important that the nurse further evaluate the client's recent:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) can cause thrombocytopenia, and diffuse petechiae suggest a low platelet count. Heavy menstrual bleeding is a common manifestation of thrombocytopenia in women and should be evaluated to assess the extent of bleeding and guide treatment. Food, fluid intake, and fatigue are less directly related to the petechiae.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client with lung cancer who develops syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH). Which laboratory finding should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: SIADH causes water retention, diluting serum sodium, so a low sodium level (128 mEq/L) is expected due to the inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone.
Question 5 of 5
Which of the following is an expected outcome of pursed-lip breathing for clients with emphysema?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Pursed-lip breathing prolongs exhalation, reducing air trapping and promoting CO2 elimination in emphysema. It does not directly increase oxygen intake or strengthen muscles.